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The coffee 'Corky-root' disease, ethiology and genetic resistance

Bertrand Benoît, Araya A., Topart F., Anthony François. 2000. The coffee 'Corky-root' disease, ethiology and genetic resistance. In : Mejoramiento sostenible del café Arabica por los recursos genéticos, asistido por los marcadores moleculares, con énfasis en la resistencia a los nematodos : Memorias del Taller, del 29 al 30 de agosto de 2000. Anthony François (ed.), Rodriguez Ely (ed.). CATIE-PROMECAFE, IRD. Turrialba : CATIE, Résumé, 67. Taller de Mejoramiento Sostenible del Café Arabica por los Recursos Genéticos, Assitido por los Marcadores Moleculares, con Enfasis en la Resistencia a los Nematodos, Turrialba, Costa Rica, 29 Août 2000/30 Août 2000.

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Résumé : Coffee 'corky-root' disease, also called 'corchosis', was first detected in 1974 in a small area of Costa Rica where the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne arabicida is the dominant species. An epidemiological study revealed a constant Meloidogyne spp-Fusarium sp association in case of 'corky-root'. In parallel, there are apparently no cases of 'corky-root' reported in association with Meloidogyne exigua, which is the prevalent root-knot nematode on coffee in Costa Rica. The Fusarium spp. fungi are often cited as components of 'disease complexes' in association with nematodes. Combined inoculations of M. arabicida or M. exigua and Fusarium oxysporum under controlled conditions showed that only the combination M. arabicida with F.oxysporum can induce 'corky-root' symptoms on the roots of C. arabica cv. Caturra or cv. Catuai. F. oxysporum alone was nonpathogenic. M. exigua or M. arabicida alone induced galls and reduction in shoot height but did not induce any 'corky-root' symptoms. Coffee varieties susceptible and resistant to M. arabicida were studied under field conditions for five years. All of the susceptible varieties exhibited corky-root symptoms on 40-80% of their root systems. The resistant varieties which were resistant to M. arabicida but not to M. exigua did not show any corky-root development. These observations lead to the conclusions that 'corky-root' disease has a complex etiology and emphasizes M. arabicida's dominant role as a predisposing agent to subsequent F. oxysporum invasions. Variable levels of genetic resistance exist in the Coffee canephora populations and some Ethiopian accessions are totaly immuns. Consequently, genetic resistance to M. arabicida appears to be an effective strategy against 'corky root' disease. (Texte intégral)

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes
H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Bertrand Benoît, CIRAD-CP-CAFE (CRI) ORCID: 0000-0003-1969-3479
  • Araya A., CATIE (CRI)
  • Topart F., IICA (CRI)
  • Anthony François, CATIE (CRI)

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Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/526199/)

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