Long-distance wind-dispersal of spores in a fungal plant pathogen: Estimation of anisotropic dispersal kernels from an extensive field experiment

Rieux Adrien, Soubeyrand Samuel, Bonnot François, Klein Etienne, Ngando Essoh Otto Josué, Mehl Andréas, Ravigné Virginie, Carlier Jean, De Lapeyre de Bellaire Luc. 2014. Long-distance wind-dispersal of spores in a fungal plant pathogen: Estimation of anisotropic dispersal kernels from an extensive field experiment. PloS One, 9 (8):e103225, 13 p.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie; Staps

Résumé : Given its biological significance, determining the dispersal kernel (i.e., the distribution of dispersal distances) of sporeproducing pathogens is essential. Here, we report two field experiments designed to measure disease gradients caused by sexually- and asexually-produced spores of the wind-dispersed banana plant fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis. Gradients were measured during a single generation and over 272 traps installed up to 1000 m along eight directions radiating from a traceable source of inoculum composed of fungicide-resistant strains. We adjusted several kernels differing in the shape of their tail and tested for two types of anisotropy. Contrasting dispersal kernels were observed between the two types of spores. For sexual spores (ascospores), we characterized both a steep gradient in the first few metres in all directions and rare long-distance dispersal (LDD) events up to 1000 m from the source in two directions. A heavy-tailed kernel best fitted the disease gradient. Although ascospores distributed evenly in all directions, average dispersal distance was greater in two different directions without obvious correlation with wind patterns. For asexual spores (conidia), few dispersal events occurred outside of the source plot. A gradient up to 12.5 m from the source was observed in one direction only. Accordingly, a thin-tailed kernel best fitted the disease gradient, and anisotropy in both density and distance was correlated with averaged daily wind gust. We discuss the validity of our results as well as their implications in terms of disease diffusion and management strategy.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Musa, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, transmission des maladies, agent pathogène, spore fongique, distribution spatiale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Cameroun

Mots-clés complémentaires : Dispersion géographique

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Rieux Adrien, University of Manchester (GBR)
• Soubeyrand Samuel, INRA (FRA)
• Bonnot François, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR BGPI (FRA)
• Klein Etienne, INRA (FRA)
• Ngando Essoh Otto Josué, CARBAP (CMR)
• Mehl Andréas, Bayer CropScience (DEU)
• Ravigné Virginie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR BGPI (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-4252-2574
• Carlier Jean, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR BGPI (CAN) ORCID: 0000-0002-6967-1852
• De Lapeyre de Bellaire Luc, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-1243-0887

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/573903/)

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