Morphometric and molecular discrimination of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, (Zehntner, 1897) and the sorghum aphid Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald, 1904)

Nibouche Samuel, Costet Laurent, Medina Raul F., Holt Jocelyn R., Sadeyen Joëlle, Zoogones Anne-Sophie, Brown Paul, Blackman Roger L.. 2021. Morphometric and molecular discrimination of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, (Zehntner, 1897) and the sorghum aphid Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald, 1904). PloS One, 16 (3):e0241881, 17 p.

Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/PDPDS4 / Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://github.com/SamNibouche/Melanaphis_taxonomy / Url - autre : http://arthemisdb.supagro.inra.fr/

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie; Staps

Résumé : Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner, 1897) and Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald, 1904) are major worldwide crop pests causing direct feeding damage on sorghum and transmitting viruses to sugarcane. It is common in the scientific literature to consider these two species as synonyms, referred to as the 'sugarcane aphid', although no formal study has validated this synonymy. In this study, based on the comparison of samples collected from their whole distribution area, we use both morphometric and molecular data to better characterize the discrimination between M. sacchari and M. sorghi. An unsupervised multivariate analysis of morphometric data clearly confirmed the separation of the two species. The best discriminating characters separating these species were length of the antenna processus terminalis relative to length of hind tibia, siphunculus or cauda. However, those criteria sometimes do not allow an unambiguous identification. Bayesian clustering based on microsatellite data delimited two clusters, which corresponded to the morphological species separation. The DNA sequencing of three nuclear and three mitochondrial regions revealed slight divergence between species. In particular, the COI barcode region proved to be uninformative for species separation because one haplotype is shared by both species. In contrast, one SNP located on the nuclear EF1-α gene was diagnostic for species separation. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, the invasive genotype damaging to sorghum in the US, Mexico and the Caribbean since 2013 is found to be M. sorghi.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : ravageur des plantes, taxonomie, insecte nuisible, morphologie animale, distribution des populations, Aphididae, Saccharum officinarum, Sorghum, analyse discriminante

Mots-clés complémentaires : Melanaphis sacchari, Melanaphis sorghi

Mots-clés libres : Aphid, Taxonomy, Pest, Sorghum, SUGARCANE

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
H50 - Troubles divers des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

Auteurs et affiliations

• Nibouche Samuel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0003-2675-1382 - auteur correspondant
• Costet Laurent, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0003-3199-2885
• Medina Raul F., Texas A & M University (USA)
• Holt Jocelyn R., Texas A & M University (USA)
• Sadeyen Joëlle, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Zoogones Anne-Sophie, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Brown Paul, Natural History Museum (GBR)
• Blackman Roger L., Natural History Museum (GBR)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/597964/)

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