Characterisation of carbon pools and dynamics for oil palm and forest ecosystems: Application to environmental evaluation

Lamade Emmanuelle, Setiyo Indra Eko. 2002. Characterisation of carbon pools and dynamics for oil palm and forest ecosystems: Application to environmental evaluation. In : Enhancing oil palm industry development through environmentally friendly technology : Proceedings of agriculture conference, 2002 International Oil Palm Conference, Nusa Dua, Bali, July 8 - 12 2002. Poeloengan Zulkarnain (ed.), Guritno Purboyo (ed.), Darnoko D. (ed.), Buana Lalang (ed.), Purba Abdul Razak (ed.), Darmosarkoro W. (ed.), Sudharto Ps (ed.), Haryati Tri (ed.), Elisabeth Jenny (ed.), Siahaan Donald (ed.), Wahyono Teguh (ed.). IOPRI. Medan : IOPRI, 212-225. ISBN 979-8529-26-X International Oil Palm Conference, Bali, Indonésie, 8 Juillet 2002/12 Juillet 2002.

Résumé : Oil palm appears to be, now, in the center of environmental controversies related to deforestation. If the oil palm is pointed out to be responsible for most of the deforestation in areas as Riau or Kalimantan, in other areas as in Amazonia, this crop has been identified as a possible issue, as far as carbon caption is concerned, to the reabilitation of degraded forest zones. From ecophysiological studies, some comparisons between carbon flux and dynamics between different forest ecosystems and oil plantations, in constrasting ecologies, could be usefull to reveal carbon allocation strategies between above and belowground biomass among all these different systems, and identify trends of relations among annual carbon fluxe components as soil respiration, litterfall production, growth rate and annual net primary productivity. Relation trends within belowground carbon dynamic components, following Raich and Nadelhoffer 's work (1989), was investigated for each ecosystem studied. Raich 's both hypotheses (1998) was also tested: (1) total carbon allocation to roots increases with increasing aboveground litterfall production, (2) proportional allocation to roots declines with increasing productivity. Evolution of the different components of the NPP (net primary productivity) from birth to maturity was analyzed for each type of ecosystems studied. At least carbon flux balance on an annual scale was given to estimate annual carbon caption for forest and oil palm plantations. Revealed differences within both groups, forests and plantations, was used as a base to elaborate a first stage of environmental evaluation criteria for oil palm issue in forest contact areas. In this work, the global carbon trend of four different oil palm plantations (quoted from literature and from our work) and a group of three different Hawaiian rain forests and two pine plantations have been analyzed. One oil palm plantation is in the western coastal region of Malaysia (Henson and Chai, 1997; Henson, 1998), the second comes from our work in Benin (Lamade et al, 1996) and two contrasting oil palm stands in Indonesia (Setiyo et al., 1999; Lamade and Setiyo , 2002). The five different kinds of forest ecosystems are composed by two pine plantations in Central Java (Gunadi, 1994) and three Hawaiian rain forests studied by Raich (1998). Throught the elaboration of annual carbon budget and carbon dynamic of both types of ecosystems as forests and oil palms plantation, interesting points of comparison were revealed. The first point was the very important annual primary productivity (ANPP) of an adult oil palm plantation (in our work, an oil palm plantation could be considered as adult from 8 to 18 years old), for example in Malaysia (2014 g C m-2 yr-1) or in Indonesia (1198 g C m-2 yr-1) compared to the hawaiian Ash rain forest (519 g C m-2 yr-1) or the more productive pine plantation at the slope of the Merapi volcano (844 g C m-2 yr-1).

Mots-clés Agrovoc : forêt, plantation, Elaeis guineensis, écosystème, cycle du carbone, productivité primaire, impact sur l'environnement

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Indonésie, Hawaï, Malaisie

Classification Agris : P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières

Auteurs et affiliations

• Lamade Emmanuelle, CIRAD-CP-PALMIER (IDN) ORCID: 0000-0002-4909-0997
• Setiyo Indra Eko

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/525540/)

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