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Relations between several traits linked to sexual plant reproduction in Theobroma cacao L.: Number of ovules per ovary, number of seeds per pod, and seed weight

Cilas Christian, Machado Regina, Motamayor Juan Carlos. 2010. Relations between several traits linked to sexual plant reproduction in Theobroma cacao L.: Number of ovules per ovary, number of seeds per pod, and seed weight. Tree Genetics and Genomes, 6 (2) : 219-226.

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Quartile : Q1, Sujet : FORESTRY / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : HORTICULTURE / Quartile : Q3, Sujet : GENETICS & HEREDITY

Résumé : Tropical perennial plants cultivated outside their place of origin call for major germplasm characterization and prebreeding work. For cacao breeding, the selection process has to optimize the weight of cacao beans produced per tree by increasing the number of pods produced, the number of seeds per pod (NoSP), and the mean weight of seeds produced (SW). NoSP and SW were studied over nine consecutive years in a collection of more than 200 clones. The number of ovules per ovary (NoOV) was also examined in a subsample of this collection in order to evaluate the ability to predict NoSP. NoSP and SW showed a relatively normal distribution with heritabilities of 0.29 and 0.51, respectively. The composite trait "mean seed weight per pod" showed a generalized extreme value distribution of intermediate heritability (0.43). NoSP and SW were found to be genetically independent. NoOV was highly heritable (h2=0.810), but it did not provide good prediction of NoSP. The largest seeds were observed in genotypes derived from crosses between cultivated cacao trees, which had been formerly domesticated. Domestication therefore favored seed size, while for the other traits examined, similar variation was found between wild and domesticated populations.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Theobroma cacao, reproduction sexuée, anatomie végétale, ovule, graine, fève de cacao, poids, poids des semences, amélioration des plantes, domestication des plantes, rendement des cultures

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Brésil, Amériques, Caraïbes

Classification Agris : F63 - Physiologie végétale - Reproduction
F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Cilas Christian, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Bioagresseurs de pérennes (FRA)
  • Machado Regina, Mars Center for Cocoa Science (BRA)
  • Motamayor Juan Carlos, USDA (USA)

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Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/553938/)

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