Somatic hybridization for citrus rootstock breeding: An effective tool to solve some important issues of the Mediterranean citrus industry

Dambier Dominique, Benyahia Hamid, Pensabene-Bellavia Giovani, Aka Kacar Yildiz, Froelicher Yann, Belfalah Zina, Beniken Lhou, Handaji Najat, Printz Bruno, Morillon Raphaël, Yesiloglu Turgut, Navarro Luis, Ollitrault Patrick. 2011. Somatic hybridization for citrus rootstock breeding: An effective tool to solve some important issues of the Mediterranean citrus industry. Plant Cell Reports, 30 (5) : 883-900.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : The prevalence of sour orange rootstock in the southern and eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin is presently threatened by the spread of Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV) and its main vector Toxoptera citricida, combined with abiotic constraints such as drought, salinity and alkalinity. The search for alternative CTV-resistant rootstocks that also withstand the other constraints is now considered an urgent priority for a sustainable citrus industry in the area. Complementary progenitors can be found in citrus germplasm to combine the desired traits, particularly between Poncirus and Citrus genera. The production of somatic hybrids allows cumulating all dominant traits irrespective of their heterozygosity level, and would appear to be an effective way to solve the rootstock challenge facing the Mediterranean citrus industry. This paper presents the results obtained during a regional collaborative effort between five countries, to develop new rootstocks by somatic hybridization. New embryogenic callus lines to be used for somatic hybridization have been created. Protoplast fusions have been performed at CIRAD and IVIA laboratories, focusing on intergeneric combinations. Analysis of ploidy level by flow cytometry and molecular markers confirmed the acquisition of new interesting tetraploid somatic hybrids for six combinations. Diploid cybrids with intergeneric (Citrus 9 Poncirus) nucleus and C. reticulata or C. aurantifolia mitochondria were also identified for four combinations. The agronomical performance of a preexisting somatic hybrid between Poncirus trifoliata and Citrus reticulata was validated in calcareous soils in Morocco. Somatic hybridization is now integrated into the breeding programs of the five Mediterranean countries.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Citrus reticulata, Poncirus trifoliata, hybridation somatique, hybridation intergénérique, porte greffe, alloploïdie, tétraploïdie, stress abiotique, stress biotique, tolérance, amélioration des plantes, fusion de protoplastes, isolement, protoplaste, régénération in vitro, biologie moléculaire, contrôle continu, caractère agronomique, vigueur, rendement des cultures, qualité, fruits

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Maroc, région méditerranéenne

Classification Agris : F02 - Multiplication végétative des plantes
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Dambier Dominique, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Multiplication végétative (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-9117-8853
• Benyahia Hamid, INRA [Maroc] (MAR)
• Pensabene-Bellavia Giovani, IVIA (ESP)
• Aka Kacar Yildiz, Cukurova University (TUR)
• Froelicher Yann, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Multiplication végétative (FRA)
• Belfalah Zina, INRAT (TUN)
• Beniken Lhou, INRA [Maroc] (MAR)
• Handaji Najat, INRA [Maroc] (MAR)
• Printz Bruno
• Morillon Raphaël, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Multiplication végétative (ESP)
• Yesiloglu Turgut, Cukurova University (TUR)
• Navarro Luis, IVIA (ESP)
• Ollitrault Patrick, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Multiplication végétative (ESP) ORCID: 0000-0002-9456-5517

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/559609/)

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