Evidence for circulation of the Rift Valley fever virus among livestock in the Union of Comoros

Roger Matthieu, Beral Marina, Licciardi Séverine, Soulé Miradje, Faharoudine Abdourahime, Foray Coralie, Olive Marie-Marie, Maquart Marianne, Soulaimane Abdouroihamane, Kassim Ahmed Madi, Cetre-Sossah Catherine, Cardinale Eric. 2014. Evidence for circulation of the Rift Valley fever virus among livestock in the Union of Comoros. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8 (7):e3045, 11 p.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : TROPICAL MEDICINE / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : PARASITOLOGY

Résumé : Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an arthropod-borne phlebovirus reported to be circulating in most parts of Africa. Since 2009, RVFV has been suspected of continuously circulating in the Union of Comoros. To estimate the incidence of RVFV antibody acquisition in the Comorian ruminant population, 191 young goats and cattle were selected in six distinct zones and sampled periodically from April 2010 to August 2011. We found an estimated incidence of RVFV antibody acquisition of 17.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): [8.9-26.1]) with a significant difference between islands (8.2% in Grande Comore, 72.3% in Moheli and 5.8% in Anjouan). Simultaneously, a longitudinal entomological survey was conducted and ruminant traderelated information was collected. No RVFV RNA was detected out of the 1,568 blood-sucking caught insects, including three potential vectors of RVFV mosquito species. Our trade survey suggests that there is a continuous flow of live animals from eastern Africa to the Union of Comoros and movements of ruminants between the three Comoro islands. Finally, a cross-sectional study was performed in August 2011 at the end of the follow-up. We found an estimated RVFV antibody prevalence of 19.3% (95% CI: [15.6%-23.0%]). Our findings suggest a complex RVFV epidemiological cycle in the Union of Comoros with probable inter-islands differences in RVFV circulation patterns. Moheli, and potentially Anjouan, appear to be acting as endemic reservoir of infection whereas RVFV persistence in Grande Comore could be correlated with trade in live animals with the eastern coast of Africa. More data are needed to estimate the real impact of the disease on human health and on the national economy.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Virus de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift, épidémiologie, fièvre, ruminant, genre humain, transmission des maladies, Enquête pathologique, anticorps, marketing, bovin, caprin

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Comores, Afrique orientale

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux
S50 - Santé humaine
E70 - Commerce, commercialisation et distribution

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Roger Matthieu, CRVOI (REU)
• Beral Marina, INRA (FRA)
• Licciardi Séverine, CRVOI (REU)
• Soulé Miradje, Ministère de l'agriculture, de la pêche, de l'environnement, de l'énergie, de l'industrie et de l'artisanat (Comores) (COM)
• Faharoudine Abdourahime, Ministère de l'agriculture, de la pêche, de l'environnement, de l'énergie, de l'industrie et de l'artisanat (Comores) (COM)
• Foray Coralie, CRVOI (REU)
• Olive Marie-Marie, CIRAD-ES-UPR AGIRs (MDG)
• Maquart Marianne, CRVOI (REU)
• Soulaimane Abdouroihamane, Ministère de l'agriculture, de la pêche, de l'environnement, de l'énergie, de l'industrie et de l'artisanat (Comores) (COM)
• Kassim Ahmed Madi, Ministère de l'agriculture, de la pêche, de l'environnement, de l'énergie, de l'industrie et de l'artisanat (Comores) (COM)
• Cetre-Sossah Catherine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CMAEE (REU)
• Cardinale Eric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CMAEE (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-3434-3541

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/573768/)

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