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Adaptation of Mediterranean bovine livestock to climate constraints. Genetic diversity and breeding systems

Flori Laurence, Moazami Goudarzi Katayoun, Lecomte Philippe, Moulin Charles-Henri, Thévenon Sophie, Alary Véronique, Casabianca François, Lauvie Anne, Boushaba Nadjet, Saïdi-Mehtar Nadhira, Boujenane Ismail, Araba Abdelillah, Menni Dalal, Pineau Olivier, Ciampolini Roberta, Casu Sara, El Beltagy Ahmed, Osman Mona-Abdelzaher, Rodellar Clementina, Martinez Amparo, Delgado Juan-Vicente, Landi Vincenzo, Hadjipavlou Georgia, Ligda Christina, Gautier Mathieu, Laloë Denis. 2015. Adaptation of Mediterranean bovine livestock to climate constraints. Genetic diversity and breeding systems. In : Building tomorrow’s research agenda and bridging the science-policy gap. CIRAD, INRA, IRD, Agropolis International, Wageningen UR, CGIAR, UCDAVIS, FAO, Agreenium, GFAR. Montpellier : CIRAD, Résumé, 84. Climate-Smart Agriculture 2015 : Global Science Conference. 3, Montpellier, France, 16 Mars 2015/18 Mars 2015.

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Résumé : According to IPCC, Mediterranean countries will be particularly affected by global warming, with rising temperatures, reduced rainfall during summer months and recurrent heat waves and droughts; this climate is estimated to move inland. In this context, local Mediterranean cattle breeds, genetically selected to adapt to this harsh environment and breed with specific practices are valuable genetic resources. In order to identify genotypes and breeding practices capable of coping with the environmental challenge induced by climate change, we propose an integrative approach combining genetic analysis of cattle populations, climate conditions and livestock systems. For this purpose, 21 breeds from three southern (Algeria, Egypt and Morocco), two eastern (Cyprus and Greece) and three northern (France, Italy and Spain) Mediterranean countries were genotyped at 41187 SNPs. These data were combined to those available on breeds from neighbouring areas (Massif Central, Alps). Bioclimatic data (annual trends, seasonality, extreme factors) was obtained from WorldClim, a database for ecological modelling. Meanwhile, we have characterized the breeding systems of these local breeds thanks to questionnaires proposed to experts, completed by several extensive case studies. Model-based clustered methods and Principal Component Analysis were first performed to address the overall structuration of populations. Then a redundancy analysis was performed to describe how geographical and bioclimatic features shape the genetic variation among breeds. Breeds are clearly differentiated according to geography and climate (temperature, rainfall). Finally, genomic regions that contribute the most to the genetic variation associated to climate are identified. The main features of breeding practices in Mediterranean environment are also determined as well as the main animal traits that breeders associate to breeds' adaptation. This work was supported by the INRA Metaprogram ACCAF (GALIMED project). (Texte intégral)

Classification Agris : L10 - Génétique et amélioration des animaux
P40 - Météorologie et climatologie

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Flori Laurence, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR INTERTRYP (FRA)
  • Moazami Goudarzi Katayoun, INRA (FRA)
  • Lecomte Philippe, CIRAD-ES-UMR SELMET (SEN) ORCID: 0000-0003-1040-7886
  • Moulin Charles-Henri, Montpellier SupAgro (FRA)
  • Thévenon Sophie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR INTERTRYP (FRA)
  • Alary Véronique, CIRAD-ES-UMR SELMET (EGY) ORCID: 0000-0003-4844-5423
  • Casabianca François, INRA (FRA)
  • Lauvie Anne, INRA (FRA)
  • Boushaba Nadjet, Université d'Oran (DZA)
  • Saïdi-Mehtar Nadhira, Université d'Oran (DZA)
  • Boujenane Ismail, IAV Hassan II (MAR)
  • Araba Abdelillah, IAV Hassan II (MAR)
  • Menni Dalal, IAV Hassan II (MAR)
  • Pineau Olivier, La Tour du Valat, Centre de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes (FRA)
  • Ciampolini Roberta, Dipartimento di scienze veterinarie (ITA)
  • Casu Sara, Agris sardegna (ITA)
  • El Beltagy Ahmed, APRI (EGY)
  • Osman Mona-Abdelzaher, APRI (EGY)
  • Rodellar Clementina, Universidad de Zaragoza (ESP)
  • Martinez Amparo, Laboratorio de Genetica Molecular Aplicada (ESP)
  • Delgado Juan-Vicente, Laboratorio de Genetica Molecular Aplicada (ESP)
  • Landi Vincenzo, Laboratorio de Genetica Molecular Aplicada (ESP)
  • Hadjipavlou Georgia, Agricultural Research Institute (CYP)
  • Ligda Christina, NAGREF (GRC)
  • Gautier Mathieu, INRA (FRA)
  • Laloë Denis, INRA (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/576659/)

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