%PDF-1.3 1 0 obj << /Kids [ 3 0 R 4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R ] /Type /Pages /Count 23 >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Subject (Des facteurs vari\351s tels que les politiques publiques en faveur du relogement des populations d\351munies\054 la promotion de la privatisation des droits fonciers agricoles\054 ainsi que plus g\351n\351ralement la croissance \351conomique ont favoris\351 l\220\351talement urbain dans les principales villes du Maghreb dont Mekn\350s au Maroc\056 Cette urbanisation s\220intensifie au d\351triment des terres \340 fort potentiel agronomique malgr\351 les lois pour la pr\351servation des terres agricoles\056 \300 Mekn\350s\054 les agriculteurs familiaux situ\351s en p\351riph\351rie urbaine ont fourni la grande majorit\351 du foncier constructible\056 Cet article pr\351sente la diversit\351 des strat\351gies fonci\350res de ces agriculteurs qui t\351moignent de la prise en compte de la nouvelle donne fonci\350re\054 ainsi que des capacit\351s de r\351sistance ou de n\351gociation des acteurs\056 Pour une majorit\351 des agriculteurs propri\351taires de leurs parcelles\054 la vente des terres a permis des investissements dans diff\351rents secteurs \050transport\054 commerce\203\051\054 mais aussi dans l\220agriculture\054 in situ ou via l\220achat de terres loin de la ville\056 Une minorit\351 a pr\351f\351r\351 conserver ses terres afin d\220\351viter la vente \340 des interm\351diaires et s\220inscrit dans une strat\351gie d\220attente sp\351culative\056 Par contre pour les agriculteurs exploitant des terres collectives sans droit de propri\351t\351 priv\351e\054 les strat\351gies sont de d\351fense ou de conflit\054 dans un contexte o\371 leurs capacit\351s de n\351gociation des prix ou de refus de la cession sont quasi nulles\056 De fa\347on plus g\351n\351rale\054 ces processus sp\351culatifs favorisent l\220achat des terres de l\220ensemble de la plaine par des investisseurs et des n\351o\055agriculteurs en zone p\351riurbaine comme en zone rurale\056 L\220accroissement du prix de la terre fertile en zone p\351riurbaine entraine celui du prix des terres de m\352me qualit\351 en zone rurale et donc fragilise l\220agriculture familiale au Maroc qui n\220est plus en mesure de s\220opposer aux investisseurs et grands propri\351taires terriens sur un march\351 foncier de plus en plus sp\351culatif\056Various factors such as relocation of poor populations policies\054 promotion of land rights privatization\054 and\054 more generally\054 economic growth fostered urban sprawl in main Maghreb cities\054 including Mekn\350s\054 Morocco\056 This urbanization increases at the expense of high potential agricultural land\054 despite preservation laws for agricultural land\056 In Meknes\054 family farmers settled in city outskirts provided most of building land\056 This article presents the diversity of land tenure strategies adopted by these farmers\056 It shows that they take into account the new actors game\054 as well as actors\220 resistance or negotiation skills\056 For a majority of farmers who owned their plots\054 selling land allowed to invest in various sectors \050transport\054 trade\054 etc\056\051\073 sometimes they have invested in agriculture too\054 in situ or through purchasing of land away from the city\056 A minority preferred to keep their land to avoid sale to intermediaries and adopt a speculative strategy\056 Instead\054 farmers using collective land without private property rights\054 have only defense or conflict strategies\073 they are in a context where their ability to negotiate prices or refuse the transfer is virtually nil\056 More generally\054 these speculative processes favor land purchase throughout the plain by investors and neo\055farmers in both peri\055urban and rural areas\056 Increase of fertile land price in the periurban zone induces a similar increase for similar land in rural areas\073 thus it weakens family farming in Morocco as this category of farmers cannot oppose investors and large landowners\056) /Producer (OpenEdition PDF Server v2) /Creator (OpenEdition) /Title (VertigO \055 la revue \351lectronique en sciences de l\047environnement\054 Volume 17 Num\351ro 1 \174 mai 2017) /Keywords (urban agriculture\054agriculture p\351riurbaine\054land issues\054urbanisation\054strat\351gies fonci\350res\054farmers\220 strategies\054Meknes\054Mekn\350s\054Morocco\054Maroc) /Author (\311lodie Valette\054 Patrick Dugu\351) /CreationDate (D\07220170608233249) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Contents 54 0 R /Type /Page /Resources 55 0 R /Group << /Type /Group /S /Transparency /CS /DeviceRGB /I true >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 841 ] /Annots [ 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R ] >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Contents 97 0 R /Type /Page /Resources << /ExtGState 98 0 R /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font 100 0 R >> 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