Screening for drought tolerance in 33 cultivars of taro (Colocasia esculenta)

Ganança José F.T., Freitas José G.R., Nóbrega Humberto G.M., Rodigues Vanessa, Antunes Gonçalo, Gouveia Carla S.S., Rodrigues Miguel, Chaïr Hâna, Pinheiro de Carvalho Miguel A.A., Lebot Vincent. 2018. Screening for drought tolerance in 33 cultivars of taro (Colocasia esculenta). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 46 (1) : 65-74.

Url - éditeur : http://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/

Quartile : Q4, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] is a root crop which is an important staple food in many regions of the world, producing 10.5 million tonnes on 1.4 million hectares a year. The crop is cultivated in wet (rain fed) or irrigated conditions, requiring on average 2,500 mm water per year, and in many countries it is cultivated in flooded plots. it is estimated that taro production could decrease by 40 % as a result of the increase in drought and other severe events. In this work, Thirty three accessions, including local cultivars, selected and hybrid lines were submitted to long duration drought stress and screened for tolerance. Twelve physiological, morphological and agronomic traits were measured at harvest, and subject to multivariate analysis. Stress indices, Water Use Efficiency and Factorial Analysis were useful for discriminating accessions regarding drought tolerance and yield stability, and drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars were identified. Our results confirm that different taro cultivars have different drought avoidance and tolerance strategies to cope with water scarcity. Better yield performers minimised biomass and canopy loss, while tolerance was observed in cultivars that presented low potential yield, but efficiently transferred resources to enhance corm formation. Among the 33 accessions, two local cultivars showed high yield stability and could be considered as suitable parents for breeding programs, while two others are well adapted to drought, but with overall low yield potential.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Colocasia esculenta, tolérance à la sécheresse, amélioration des plantes, variété, sélection, stress abiotique, bilan hydrique, rendement des cultures, stabilité, contrôle continu

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Portugal, Fidji, Madère, Canaries (îles), Chypre, Açores

Mots-clés libres : Amélioration, Taro, Colocasia esculenta, Tolérance à la sécheresse, Évaluation

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
H50 - Troubles divers des plantes
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission, Directorate-General for Development and Cooperation - EuropeAid

Projets sur financement : (EU) Adapting clonally propagated crops to climatic and commercial changes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Ganança José F.T., University of Madeira (PRT) - auteur correspondant
• Freitas José G.R., University of Madeira (PRT)
• Nóbrega Humberto G.M., University of Madeira (PRT)
• Rodigues Vanessa, University of Madeira (PRT)
• Antunes Gonçalo, University of Madeira (PRT)
• Gouveia Carla S.S., University of Madeira (PRT)
• Rodrigues Miguel, DRADR (PRT)
• Chaïr Hâna, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Pinheiro de Carvalho Miguel A.A., University of Madeira (PRT)
• Lebot Vincent, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (VUT)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/585372/)

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