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Arthropod communities in mango orchards during the flowering season in Reunion Island: effects of agroecological and agrochemical practices

Jacquot Michel, Atiama Morguen, Muru David, Chiroleu Frédéric, Tenailleau Mickaël, Gasnier Sophie, Rochat Jacques, Plessix Ségolène, Moutoussamy Marie-Ludders, Ajaguin Soleyen Cédric, Deguine Jean-Philippe. 2015. Arthropod communities in mango orchards during the flowering season in Reunion Island: effects of agroecological and agrochemical practices. In : Proceedings of the XI International Mango Symposium. Bally Ian (ed.), Tran-Nguyen L. (ed.), Williams B. (ed.). ISHS. Louvain : ISHS, 267-270. (Acta Horticulturae, 1183) ISBN 978-94-6261-179-5 International Mango Symposium. 11, Darwin, Australie, 28 Septembre 2015/2 Octobre 2015.

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Résumé : Conservation biological control implies appropriate management of arthropod communities at several trophic levels. Adding plants to agro-ecosystems influences upper trophic levels by providing basal resources and new habitats. The abundance and species richness of phytophagous and predatory arthropods may consequently be modified, which in turn, may affect pest control. Insecticide applications are also known to influence the different trophic levels of the agroecosystems. Under BIOPHYTO (insecticide-free production of mangos) management, agroecological practices were applied: increasing ground cover and stopping the use of insecticides. This study was conducted during the flowering period in August 2012, 2013 and 2014. Data on arthropods were collected through extensive sampling on six farms: 8,667 phytophagous arthropods belonging to 122 species and 4,395 predators belonging to 105 species were collected. On each farm, two mango orchard plots were used, one under agroecological practices and the other under agrochemical practices. Our results showed that the species richness of phytophagous and predatory arthropods was significantly higher in plots with agroecological practices than in plots with agrochemical practices in 1 out of 2 years after the change in practices. Phytophagous arthropods were more abundant in plots with agroecological farming practices. From the point of view of application, increasing ground cover and stopping the use of insecticides are possible mechanisms to design new cropping systems to increase the biodiversity required for effective biological control.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Mangifera indica, agroécologie, agroécosystème, lutte biologique, pratique culturale, Arthropoda

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : La Réunion, France

Classification Agris : H01 - Protection des végétaux - Considérations générales
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
F40 - Écologie végétale

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Jacquot Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
  • Atiama Morguen, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
  • Muru David
  • Chiroleu Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-4874-5357
  • Tenailleau Mickaël
  • Gasnier Sophie, Insectarium de la Réunion (REU)
  • Rochat Jacques, Insectarium de la Réunion (REU)
  • Plessix Ségolène, Insectarium de la Réunion (REU)
  • Moutoussamy Marie-Ludders, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
  • Ajaguin Soleyen Cédric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
  • Deguine Jean-Philippe, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)

Autres liens de la publication

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/588399/)

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