Shade tree species impacts on soil nutrient availability and food web in conventional and organic coffee agroforestry

Sauvadet Marie, Van Den Meersche Karel, Allinne Clémentine, Gay Frédéric, Virginio Filho Elias de Melo, Chauvat Matthieu, Becquer Thierry, Tixier Philippe, Harmand Jean-Michel. 2019. Shade tree species impacts on soil nutrient availability and food web in conventional and organic coffee agroforestry. In : 4th World Congress on Agroforestry. Book of abstracts. Dupraz Christian (ed.), Gosme Marie (ed.), Lawson Gerry (ed.). CIRAD, INRA, World Agroforestry, Agropolis International, MUSE. Montpellier : CIRAD-INRA, Résumé, p. 737. World Congress on Agroforestry. 4, Montpellier, France, 20 Mai 2019/22 Mai 2019.

Résumé : Conventional, intensively managed coffee monocultures are environmentally damaging. The use of shade trees and organic management are welcome options to reduce coffee physiological stress, reduce synthetic inputs and restore soil biological balance. However, whether the effects of shade trees on soil functioning would be similar for different coffee management practices should be investigated. Here, we measured soil total C and N, inorganic N, Olsen P, pH, biomass produced in bioassay, nematode and microarthropod communities under three shade types (unshaded coffee, shaded with Terminalia amazonia, and shaded with Erythrina poepiggiana) combined with two management practices (organic and conventional) in a 17- year old experimental coffee plantation in Turrialba (Costa Rica). Under conventional management, soil nutrient availability and fauna densities were higher under shade, regardless of the shade tree species (Fig 1). Under organic management, only Erythrina, a heavily pruned, N2-fixing species, had increased soil nutrient availability and fauna density, while Terminalia shade had a null or negative impact. Soil N availability was linked to bacteria-feeding nematodes while soil P availability was more linked to detritivorous microarthropods. Higher fertility was recorded in soil with balanced foodwebs. This study highlights the importance of the choice of shade tree species for soil fertility in low input systems, more so than in fertilized systems.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Coffea arabica, Erythrina poeppigiana, Terminalia, arbre d'ombrage, fertilité du sol

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Costa Rica

Mots-clés complémentaires : Terminalia amazonia

Mots-clés libres : Agroforestry, Sustainability

Classification Agris : F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
K10 - Production forestière
F61 - Physiologie végétale - Nutrition
P35 - Fertilité du sol

Auteurs et affiliations

• Sauvadet Marie, IRD (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-7520-8565
• Van Den Meersche Karel, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-0866-7657
• Allinne Clémentine, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR SYSTEM (CRI)
• Gay Frédéric, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (CRI) ORCID: 0000-0002-7624-8489
• Virginio Filho Elias de Melo, CATIE (CRI)
• Chauvat Matthieu, Université de haute Normandie (FRA)
• Becquer Thierry, IRD (FRA)
• Tixier Philippe, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR GECO (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-5147-9777
• Harmand Jean-Michel, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (CMR) ORCID: 0000-0002-8065-106X

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/592968/)

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