Farmer fertilization practices of mature rubber plantations in Northeast Thailand during a period of low rubber prices

Kullawong Supattra, Aditto Satit, Chambon Bénédicte, Promkhambut Arunee. 2020. Farmer fertilization practices of mature rubber plantations in Northeast Thailand during a period of low rubber prices. Forest and Society, 4 (1) : 162-180.

Résumé : Since 2000, farmers in Northeast Thailand have planted more than 5,000 sq km of rubber on land previously devoted to agriculture. The expansion of rubber led to a significant increase in tree cover in Northeast Thailand. Rubber prices peaked in 2011 and since then farmers have had to adjust to lower prices. Little research has documented how farmers responded to low rubber prices. This paper seeks to describe how small-scale rubber farmers use fertilizer in a region that did not historically grow rubber du ring a period of low rubber prices. We collected data from structured interviews with 29 farmers in Subsomboon village in Khon Kaen province, Northeast Thailand. Most farmers reported that they reduced fertilizer costs by reducing the number of times they applied fertilizer, as well as changing to cheaper brands and/or using organic fertilizer. The majority of farmers still used large amounts of chemical fertilizers, either alone or in combination with commercial organic fertilizers with unknown nutrient contents. The N and P20s contents of the chemical fertilizer alone were consistent with national recommendations (82.0-137.6 kg N/ha/y and 33.3-97.7 kg P20s/ha/y). Thai national recommendations for rubber, however, were developed for rubber plantations in traditional planting area where rubber has been grown for over a century, and are considered by many experts to be high. The study's findings indicated that small scale rubber farmers would benefit from recommendations for fertilizer applications that respond to variations in rubber prices, while taking into account the diversity of individual household characteristics and goals. To optimize recommendations that sustain the growth and yield of rubber, limit the effects of environmental externalities, and maintain rubber's profitability, policymakers require detailed information on the diverse situations in which rubber is grown. This requires experimental research that tests a variety of fertilization practices under different biological and physical conditions.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Hevea brasiliensis, engrais organique, substance nutritive, petite exploitation agricole, exploitation agricole, caoutchouc, prix à la production

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Thaïlande

Mots-clés libres : Nutrient, Smallholder, Organic fertilizer, Fertilizer intensity, Hevea brasiliensis, Benefit, Tree cover

Classification Agris : F04 - Fertilisation
E16 - Économie de la production

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement hors UE : Khon Kaen University, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

Auteurs et affiliations

• Kullawong Supattra, Khon Kaen University (THA)
• Aditto Satit, Khon Kaen University (THA)
• Chambon Bénédicte, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de pérennes (MMR)
• Promkhambut Arunee, Khon Kaen University (THA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/595422/)

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