Enhanced immunosurveillance for animal morbilliviruses using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes

Logan Nicola, Dundon William G., Diallo Adama, Baron Michael D., Nyarobi M. James, Cleaveland Sarah, Keyyu Julius, Fyumagwa Robert, Hosie Margaret J., Willett Brian J.. 2016. Enhanced immunosurveillance for animal morbilliviruses using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes. Vaccine, 34 (47) : 5736-5743.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL / Quartile : Q2, Sujet : IMMUNOLOGY

Résumé : The measurement of virus-specific neutralising antibodies represents the “gold-standard” for diagnostic serology. For animal morbilliviruses, such as peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) or rinderpest virus (RPV), live virus-based neutralisation tests require high-level biocontainment to prevent the accidental escape of the infectious agents. In this study, we describe the adaptation of a replication-defective vesicular stomatitis virus (VSVΔG) based pseudotyping system for the measurement of neutralising antibodies against animal morbilliviruses. By expressing the haemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) proteins of PPRV on VSVΔG pseudotypes bearing a luciferase marker gene, neutralising antibody titres could be measured rapidly and with high sensitivity. Serological responses against the four distinct lineages of PPRV could be measured simultaneously and cross-neutralising responses against other morbilliviruses compared. Using this approach, we observed that titres of neutralising antibodies induced by vaccination with live attenuated PPRV were lower than those induced by wild type virus infection and the level of cross-lineage neutralisation varied between vaccinates. By comparing neutralising responses from animals infected with either PPRV or RPV, we found that responses were highest against the homologous virus, indicating that retrospective analyses of serum samples could be used to confirm the nature of the original pathogen to which an animal had been exposed. Accordingly, when screening sera from domestic livestock and wild ruminants in Tanzania, we detected evidence of cross-species infection with PPRV, canine distemper virus (CDV) and a RPV-related bovine morbillivirus, suggesting that exposure to animal morbilliviruses may be more widespread than indicated previously using existing diagnostic techniques.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : morbillivirus, immunologie, anticorps, virus stomatite vésiculeuse, immunopathologie, virus peste petits ruminants, virus peste bovine, sérologie, immunodiagnostic

Mots-clés libres : Morbillivirus, Peste des petits ruminants, PPRV, Rinderpest, RPV, Neutralising antibody, Surveillance

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L70 - Sciences et hygiène vétérinaires - Considérations générales

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Logan Nicola, University of Glasgow (GBR)
• Dundon William G., IAEA (AUT)
• Diallo Adama, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CMAEE (SEN)
• Baron Michael D., The Pirbright Institute (GBR)
• Nyarobi M. James, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine (GBR)
• Cleaveland Sarah, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine (GBR)
• Keyyu Julius, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TZA)
• Fyumagwa Robert, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TZA)
• Hosie Margaret J., University of Glasgow (GBR)
• Willett Brian J., University of Glasgow (GBR) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/597694/)

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