Genetic control of flowering in greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.)

Cormier Fabien, Martin Guillaume, Vignes Hélène, Lachman Laurie, Cornet Denis, Faure Y., Maledon Erick, Mournet Pierre, Arnau Gemma, Chaïr Hâna. 2021. Genetic control of flowering in greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.). BMC Plant Biology, 21:63, 12 p.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-02941-7

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Quartile : Q1, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : Background: Greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.) is a major tropical and subtropical staple crop cultivated for its starchy tubers. Breeding of this dioecious species is hampered by its erratic flowering, yet little is currently known on the genetic determinism of its sexual reproduction. Result: Here we used a genome-wide association approach and identified a major genetic barrier to reproduction in yam on chromosome 1, as represented by two candidate genes. A deleterious effect on male fitness could be hypothesized considering the involvement of these two genes in male reproduction and the low frequency of this non-flowering dominant allele within the male genepool. We also extended the hypothesis of a XX/XY sex-determination system located on chromosome 6 in D. alata to encompass most of the species diversity. Moreover, a kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASPar) marker was designed and validated that enables accurate cultivar sex estimation. The reconstruction of chromosome 6 associated with the detection of highly putative structural variations confirmed the possible involvement of a major part of the chromosome. Conclusion: The findings of this study, combined with proper estimation of accession ploidy levels to avoid endosperm incompatibility issues, could facilitate the design of future promising parental combinations in D. alata breeding programs. Moreover, the discovery of this genetic barrier to reproduction opens new avenues for gaining insight into yam reproductive biology and diversification.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : amélioration des plantes, amélioration génétique, phytogénétique, Dioscorea alata, floraison, floraison induite, multiplication végétative, détermination du sexe

Mots-clés complémentaires : diécie

Mots-clés libres : Dioecy, Dioscorea alata, Sex, Flowering, Breeding, GWAS, Reproduction, Yam

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F63 - Physiologie végétale - Reproduction

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

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