Impact of a conservation agriculture system on soil characteristics, rice yield, and root-parasitic nematodes in a Cambodian lowland rice field

Suong Malyna, Chapuis Elodie, Leng Vira, Tivet Florent, De Waele Dirk, Nguyen Thi Hue, Bellafiore Stéphane. 2019. Impact of a conservation agriculture system on soil characteristics, rice yield, and root-parasitic nematodes in a Cambodian lowland rice field. Journal of Nematology, 51 : 1-15.

https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-085

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Quartile : Q2, Sujet : ZOOLOGY

Résumé : Rice production in Southeast Asia is significantly affected by root-parasitic nematodes (RPN). The Green Revolution has encouraged new agricultural practices (e.g. intensive monoculture, high yielding rice variety) to respond to the high rice demand; however, these methods have promoted the spread of these pests. The recent banning of chemical nematicides resulted in a need for alternative sustainable control strategies. In the present study, we assessed the effects of a direct-seeding mulch-based cropping system (DMC) vs conventional plough-based tillages (CT) on soil properties, rice yield and RPN communities during a two-year trial in Cambodia. Our results show that on average the population densities of RPN were significantly higher in DMC than in CT. Molecular identification revealed only two RPN species associated with roots: Meloidogyne graminicola, not previously reported from Cambodia, was predominant and was present throughout the plant's development, whereas Hirschmanniella mucronata was only found at the tillering and milky stages. We conclude that DMC had a significant positive impact on rice yield, despite higher RPN short-term pressure. In order to increase the efficiency of such cropping systems, further studies and an evaluation of the long-term relationships between DMC, the nature of cover crops used, the soil biota including RPN, and rice yield should be conducted.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : agriculture de conservation, système de culture, caractéristiques du sol, rendement des cultures, conservation des sols, non-travail du sol, nématode des plantes, Meloidogyne graminicola

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Cambodge

Mots-clés complémentaires : Riziculture, Hirschmanniella mucronata

Mots-clés libres : Direct-seeding mulch-based cropping system, Hirschmanniella mucronata, Management, Meloidogyne graminicola, No-tillage, Population dynamics, Sustainable intensification

Classification Agris : F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
P34 - Biologie du sol
H10 - Ravageurs des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

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