Serological evidence of Zika virus circulation in Burkina Faso

Tinto Bachirou, Kaboré Didier Patindé Alexandre, Kania Dramane, Samdapawindé Kagoné Thérèse, Kiba-Koumaré Alice, Pinceloup Laura, Thaurignac Guillaume, Van de Perre Philippe, Dabiré Roch Kounbobr, Baldet Thierry, Gutierrez Serafin, Gil Patricia, Ayouba Ahidjo, Salinas Sara, Simonin Yannick. 2022. Serological evidence of Zika virus circulation in Burkina Faso. Pathogens, 11 (7):741, 10 p.

https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11070741

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Résumé : Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are two closely related members of the Flaviviridae family, both transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, and are among the arboviruses most at risk to human health. Burkina Faso has been facing an upsurge in DENV outbreaks since 2013. Unlike DENV, there is no serological evidence of ZIKV circulation in humans in Burkina Faso. The main objective of our study was to determine the seroprevalence of ZIKV and DENV in blood donors in Burkina Faso. A total of 501 donor samples collected in the two major cities of the country in 2020 were first tested by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect flavivirus antibodies. Positive sera were then tested using Luminex to detect ZIKV and DENV antibodies and virus-specific microneutralization tests against ZIKV were performed. The ZIKV seroprevalence was 22.75% in the donor samples and we found seropositivity for all DENV-serotypes ranging from 19.56% for DENV-1 to 48.86% for DENV-2. Molecular analyses performed on samples from febrile patients and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes between 2019 and 2021 were negative. Our study showed the important circulation of ZIKV and DENV detected by serology although molecular evidence of the circulation of ZIKV could not be demonstrated. It is essential to strengthen existing arbovirus surveillance in Burkina Faso and more broadly in West Africa by focusing on fevers of unknown origin and integrating vector surveillance to assess the extent of ZIKV circulation and identify the circulating strain. Further studies are needed to better understand the epidemiology of this virus in order to define appropriate prevention and response methods

Mots-clés Agrovoc : épidémiologie, sérologie, transmission des maladies, virus Zika, arbovirus, Flaviviridae

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso

Mots-clés complémentaires : séroprévalence, Virus de la dengue

Mots-clés libres : Zika virus, Dengue virus, Flavivirus, Arbovirus, Seroprevalence, Burkina Faso

Classification Agris : S50 - Santé humaine

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

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