Contribution to the study on oil palm drought tolerance: protoplasmic resistance (Poster VI 7)

Cornaire B., Pham Thi A.T., Zuily Fodil Yasmine, Daniel Claude, Viera Da Silva J.B.. 1995. Contribution to the study on oil palm drought tolerance: protoplasmic resistance (Poster VI 7). In : Interdrought: integrated study on drought tolerance of higher plants. First international meeting. Proceedings = [Intersécheresse : étude intégrée de la tolérance à la sécheresse des plantes supérieures. Premier congrès international. Actes]. Belhassen E.. Montpellier : INRA, Résumé, 1 p. InterDrought I. 1, Montpellier, France, 31 Août 1995/2 Septembre 1995.

Autre titre : Contribution à l'étude de la tolérance du palmier à huile à la sécheresse : la résistance protoplasmique

Résumé : Ce poster présente une étude de l'intégrité des membranes cellulaires, par l'intermédiaire de la mesure conductimétrique d'un flux d'électrolyte (PEG (-4,6 MPa) pendant 6h), sur des disques de feuilles de croisements dont la réaction à la sécheresse est connue. Les résultats montrent des corrélations entre la sensibilité au champ et le taux relatif de dégât, et également entre la réactivité des membranes d'une part et les teneurs en lipides totaux et en acides gras polyinsaturés d'autre part

Résumé (autre langue) : Observations have shown that Deli-La Mé and Deli-Y angambi between-origin oil palm (Elaeis gzâneensis Jacq.) crosses react differently to drought as regards both yields and mortality. It was important to try and understand the physiological drought tolerance mechanisms in this plant, in order to develop early selection tests. Once the plant has exhausted ail its possibilities of avoiding drought, or of limiting its effects, its cells have to be able to withstand varying degrees of dehydration during a lengthy period of drought. Cell membrane integrity has been considered indirectly by conductimetric measurement of electrolyte flow. The studies were carried out on the palms of crosses whose reaction to drought was known, on leaf disks treated with PEG (-4.6 MPa) for 6 hours. The electrolyte flow was assessed after rehydrating the leaf disks for 24 hours. Lipid analyses were carried out by gas chromatography on leaf extracts. The results revealed a correlation between the relative percentage of damage to the leaves of adult palms and the susceptibility seen in the field. For lipids, there was a correlation between membrane sensitivity and total lipid content, and a more marked correlation between membrane sensitivity and the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lipids (C 18:2 + C 18:3). The tests used were cell and cell membrane integrity indicators and can be used as selection criteria for membrane tolerance of water stress.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Elaeis guineensis, résistance à la sécheresse, stress dû à la sécheresse, membrane cellulaire, protoplasme, lipide, électrolyte, conductimétrie, critère de sélection, feuille

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Bénin

Classification Agris : F61 - Physiologie végétale - Nutrition

Auteurs et affiliations

• Cornaire B.
• Pham Thi A.T.
• Zuily Fodil Yasmine
• Daniel Claude
• Viera Da Silva J.B.

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/388106/)

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