Collection and selection of Nacional cocoa types with resistance to diseases in Ecuador

Quiroz James G., Suarez Carmen, Decazy Bernard. 1999. Collection and selection of Nacional cocoa types with resistance to diseases in Ecuador. In : Proceedings of the International workshop on the contribution of disease resistance to cocoa variety improvement. Bekele Frances L. (ed.), End Michelle (ed.), Eskes Albertus (ed.). INGENIC. Reading : INGENIC, 123-126. ISBN 1-90-052701-4 International Workshop on the Contribution of Disease Resistance to Cocoa Variety Improvement. 2, Salvador, Brésil, 24 Novembre 1996/26 Novembre 1996.

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Titre espagnol : Recoleccion y seleccion de cacao Nacional con resistencia a enfermedades en Ecuador

Autre titre : Collection et sélection de cacaoyers de la variété équatorienne Nacional résistants aux maladies

Résumé : In the international cocoa market, Ecuador has always been considered as a producer of fine flavour cocoa called "Arriba". This particular trait is related to the Nacional variety. Since the crisis in the beginning of the century, caused by witches'broom and #Monilia#, Trinitario material was introduced from Venezuela that hybridized with Nacional. The search for productive National types with resistance to diseases is now the main objective of the breeding programme. A survey was carried out in farmers fields to identify witches' broom resistant Nacional type trees. Early screening for resistance of seedling progenies was applied to confirm resistance of the mother trees. The collection of Nacional trees at CCA-Tenguel was also characterised and evaluated for resistance to witches'broom and #Monilia#. As a result, 62 clones were selected and introduced into a field collection at EET Pichilingue. Presently, this collection is evaluated for resistance, phenologic, agronomic and quality traits. The best clones will be tested in clone trials and used in further breeding.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Theobroma cacao, variété, essai de variété, expérimentation au champ, clone, critère de sélection, résistance aux maladies, contrôle de maladies, maladie fongique, Crinipellis perniciosa, Monilia, collection botanique, maladie du balai de sorcière