Development of the high-gossypol cotton plants with low-gossypol seeds using trispecies bridge crosses and in vitro culture of seed embryos

Vroh Bi I., Baudoin J.P., Hau Bernard, Mergeai Guy. 1999. Development of the high-gossypol cotton plants with low-gossypol seeds using trispecies bridge crosses and in vitro culture of seed embryos. Euphytica, 106 (3) : 243-251.

Résumé : The objective of this work is to develop an upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. [2n = 4x = 52, 2(AD)h], having a reduced level of gossypol in the seeds for food and feed uses, and a high level of gossypol in the remaining organs to limit pest incidence. Using G. sturtianum Willis (2n=2x=26, 2C1) as donor and G. thurberi Torado (2n = 2x = 26, 2D1) or G. raimondii Ulbrich (2n = 2x - 26, 2D5) as bridge species, two trispecies hybrids G. thurberi-G. sturtianum-G. hirsutum and G. hirsutum-G. raimondii- G. sturtianum were synthesized. Both trispecies hybrids were male sterile. Recurrent backcrossing to G. hirsutum as pollinator and selfing of the second backcross (BC) progenies resulted in seeds which were rescued by in vitro culture. In total, 1208 flowers of the trispecies hybrids and their BC progenies yielded 192 seed embryos from which 62 plants were obtained. Cytogenetic analyses indicated a relatively high frequency of chromosome pairing and chiasmata. The gland levels in backcross seeds ranged from glandless seeds to normally glanded seeds. All vegetative parts of those hybrids were glanded, but a wide range of variability for gland density was observed on leaf, stem, bract and calyx. Plants derived from seeds having a reduced level of gossypol constitute very interesting germplasm to develop a cultivated glanded cotton with low-gossypol seeds.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Gossypium hirsutum, gossypol, graine de coton, Gossypium, hybride, résistance aux organismes nuisibles, organe végétatif des plantes, teneur en phénols

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Vroh Bi I., FUSAGx (BEL)
• Baudoin J.P., FUSAGx (BEL)
• Hau Bernard, CIRAD-CA-COTON (FRA)
• Mergeai Guy, FUSAGx (BEL)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/509941/)

Métriques

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