Nassir A., Montange Denis.
2002. Phosphorus management for rice production on acid sulfate soils in Asia.
In : World congress of soil science. Thailande-Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives-LDD, SFST, IUSS, FFTC, WASWC
Autre titre : La gestion du phosphore pour la production rizicole sur sols sulfatés acides en Asie
Note générale : Symposium n° 63 ; Paper n° 514 ; Presentation : poster
Résumé : The acid sulfate soils represent a considerable land area in Asia (18-20 million hectares), mainly in Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. To design a strategy for sustainable crop production on acid sulfate soils (ASS), there is a need to test and experiment during several cropping seasons, technologies that will overcome the multiple constraints of these production environments. The World Phosphate Institute (IMPHOS) designed an experimental field research that is intended to improve our understanding and ability to convert these soils into productive ones. The project is present in five countries (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam) and is implemented by IMPHOS in collaboration with CIRAD France. The effects of each phosphate rock (PR) are compared to the effect of water-soluble fertilizer (TSP, and in certain cases SSP or SP-36) and a control without P application. The rate of P application is 90 kg P2O5 per hectare per cropping season. Other nutrients (i.e. N and K2O) are added at the rate recommended for rice cultivation by extension. The most appropriate rice cultivar for the local conditions was selected for the experimentation. The basic plot size was set large enough to allow for split treatments (with and without P) and measurement of the effects of residual and cumulative P applications. As a first conclusion on field results for 3 cropping seasons, we may compare the calculated percentage of yield increase obtained when applying the P treatment (PR or soluble P fertilizer) giving the best result over the control. These results are in the attached table. In the network experiments, the rice yield of control plots on actual ASS ranges from 1250 kg ha-1 (Belawang, Indonesia) to 5900 kg ha-1 (Sedu, Malaysia). On potential ASS, the highest yield on control plot is 4400 kg ha-1 (Jawa, Malaysia) and the lowest is 1660 kg ha-1 (Tabunganen, Indonesia). The yield increases when applying 90 kg P2O5 are ranging from +3 to + 67% over the control for actual ASS and from + 3 to + 43% for potential ASS. The lowest increase are the one with a control yield very high. In these cases, available P is not the most limiting factor for the growth and production of the crop. When considering the 21 experiments, even if the differences are not significant for every case, the maximum increase is given by soluble P for 9 trials. For the other cases, where the PR is giving the best results, the more soluble PR is inducing the highest increase for 4 cases. The 8 yield increases data remaining are resulting from the use of less soluble PR. The results of soil incubation with the various PR and measure of available P after the incubations using 32P method is useful to explain the P response of crops on the various soils studied. The results obtained by this method are showing that the fixation of P by these soils is very high indicating that it will be difficult to saturate the P fixing capacity of the soil in order to have more P available for crops. However, P nutrition of rice is not always correlated to the available P measured in the soil, indicating that rice plant is absorbing P from various pools in the soil.
Mots-clés Agrovoc : Oryza sativa, sol sulfate acide, phosphore, engrais phosphaté, rendement des cultures
Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Chine, Indonésie, Malaisie, Thaïlande, Viet Nam
Classification Agris : F04 - Fertilisation
P33 - Chimie et physique du sol
Auteurs et affiliations
- Nassir A., IMPHOS (MAR)
- Montange Denis, CIRAD-CA-GEC (FRA)
Autres liens de la publication
Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/511344/)
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