Châtel Marc, Guimaraes Elcio Perpetuo.
2002. Impact in Latin America of CIRAD's rice genetic resources.
In : Enhancing rice gene pools CIRAD/CIAT collaborative project : annual report September 2001 - September 2002. Châtel Marc, Ospina Yolima. CIRAD
Résumé : Increased production permitted to lower the price of rice to consumers. Rice is a staple food and principal source of calorie for the 20% lower-income people of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The adaptation of the Asian green revolution to LAC and the release and adoption of high yielding varieties (HYV) was responsible for the increase of nee production in the region. During the last 40 years, about 300 varieties were released (262 and 37 for irrigated and upland respectively). They were developed by (i) the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), (ii) the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), (iii) the national rice research progams and (iv) the collaborative research projects between the Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD-France) and Empresa Braseleira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA - Brazil) and CIAT- Colombia, (Upland rice). The regional networks like INGER-LAC and FLAR, as well as bilateral collaborations fueled the diffusion of the new HYV. This report analyses the contribution of the genetic resources of CIRAD in the background of the varieties released. For aerobic upland rice, 90% of the varieties have one or more CIRAD parent. In LAC, the genetic resources of CIRAD represent a great contribution, but only few CIRAD lines were repeatedly used as parent (CIRAD 2, CIRAD 120 series and CIRAD 216). This lead to a possible narrowing of the genetic base. Furthermore, the new released varieties were used as parent for new crosses leading to a higher degree of consanguinity. Facing this problem, the rice project of CIAT shifted to pre-breeding activities aiming at broadening the genetic base of nee in LAC.
Mots-clés Agrovoc : Oryza, ressource génétique végétale
Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Amérique latine, Caraïbes
Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
Auteurs et affiliations
- Châtel Marc, CIRAD-CA-CALIM (COL)
- Guimaraes Elcio Perpetuo, EMBRAPA (BRA)
Autres liens de la publication
Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/519423/)
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