Partitioning energy and evapo-transpiration above and below a tropical palm canopy

Roupsard Olivier, Bonnefond Jean-Marc, Irvine Mark R., Berbigier Paul, Nouvellon Yann, Dauzat Jean, Taga Serge, Hamel Olivier, Jourdan Christophe, Saint André Laurent, Mialet-Serra Isabelle, Labouisse Jean-Pierre, Epron Daniel, Joffre Richard, Braconnier Serge, Rouzière André, Navarro Muriel, Bouillet Jean-Pierre. 2006. Partitioning energy and evapo-transpiration above and below a tropical palm canopy. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 139 (3-4) : 252-268.

Résumé : For open canopies, the partitioning of energy and water fluxes between the upper canopy and the under-storey is key to understand the competition mechanisms between layers. We monitored stand evapo-transpiration by eddy-covariance (E), tree transpiration (T) by heat-dissipative sapflow, soil (G) and stand (J) heat storage during 3 years in a typical coconut palm row-plantation of the humid tropics, displaying a constant leaf area index (LAI = 3) and a grass under-storey. A two-level flux experiment yielded cross-validation of the evapo-transpiration of the under-storey (Eu) with E - T, through energy balance closure for E and sapflow calibration in the laboratory for T. On a yearly time step, E represented 40% of rainfall, the sensible heat flux (H) was 26% of net radiation and the Bowen ratio was 0.39, all indicating that water availability was close-to-optimum. T represented 68% of E, close to the 75% of soil coverage by palms. The inter-annual variability was low for potential evapo-transpiration (ETo), energy and water fluxes. The seasonal variability was more pronounced, driven by radiation and vapour pressure deficit (VPD). The canopy conductance of coconut palms appeared to be strongly controlled by VPD. Given its constant LAI, its continuous growth and its simple architecture, the coconut palm appears to be an ideal candidate for physiological work and agroforestry modelling. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Cocos nucifera, évapotranspiration, compétition biologique, érosion, physiologie végétale, teneur en eau

Classification Agris : F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale
U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques
F40 - Écologie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Roupsard Olivier, CIRAD-FORET-UPR Ecosystèmes de plantations (VUT) ORCID: 0000-0002-1319-142X
• Bonnefond Jean-Marc, INRA (FRA)
• Irvine Mark R., INRA (FRA)
• Berbigier Paul, INRA (FRA)
• Nouvellon Yann, CIRAD-FORET-UPR Ecosystèmes de plantations (BRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-1920-3847
• Dauzat Jean, CIRAD-AMIS-UMR AMAP (FRA)
• Taga Serge, VARTC (VUT)
• Hamel Olivier, CIRAD-FORET-DIR (FRA)
• Jourdan Christophe, CIRAD-FORET-UPR Ecosystèmes de plantations (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-9857-3269
• Saint André Laurent, CIRAD-FORET-UPR Ecosystèmes de plantations (FRA)
• Mialet-Serra Isabelle, CIRAD-AMIS-UPR Modélisation intégrative (FRA)
• Labouisse Jean-Pierre, CIRAD-CP-UMR DGPC (ETH) ORCID: 0000-0002-5592-6789
• Epron Daniel, INRA (FRA)
• Joffre Richard, CNRS (FRA)
• Braconnier Serge, CIRAD-AMIS-UPR Modélisation intégrative (FRA)
• Rouzière André, CIRAD-CP-UPR Qualité produits pérennes (FRA)
• Navarro Muriel, VARTC (VUT)
• Bouillet Jean-Pierre, CIRAD-FORET-UPR Ecosystèmes de plantations (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/534878/)

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