Influenza surveillance in wild birds in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa : preliminary results from an ongoing FAO-led survey

Gaidet Nicolas, Dodman Tim, Caron Alexandre, Balança Gilles, Desvaux Stéphanie, Goutard Flavie, Cattoli Giovanni, Martin Vincent, Tripodi Astrid, Lamarque François, Hagemeijer Ward, Monicat François. 2007. Influenza surveillance in wild birds in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa : preliminary results from an ongoing FAO-led survey. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 43 (3), suppl., S22-S28 International Scientific Conference on Avian Influenza and Wild Birds, Rome, Italie, 30 Mai 2006/31 Mai 2006.

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Résumé : In the context of the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (IIPAI) II5N1 virus through Eurasia during 2005, a surveillance study of wild birds was launched in early 2006 within the framework of regional Technical Cooperation Programmes of Food and Agriculture Organization in several countries of eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. From mid-January to mid-May 2006, field campaigns were conducted in 14 countries, including recently infected countries. In total, 5,256 samples were collected in large wetland areas where Eurasian and Afro-tropical waterbirds congregate. The overall prevalence of avian influenza viruses detected by RT-PCR was 3.3%, with no positivity for IIPAI II5N1 virus. Five distinct virus isolates were obtained from the RT-PCR positive samples. Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses were detected and isolated in both Eurasian and Afro-tropical bird species, indicating that low pathogenic viruses were circulating in Africa during the northern winter. These findings reveal that LPAI virus persists in wild birds in subtropical environments and support the hypothesis that avian influenza viruses could he perpetuated in wild birds throughout the year, including in Palearctic waterbirds wintering in sub-Saharan Africa before their northward spring migration.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Influenzavirus aviaire, surveillance épidémiologique, écosystème, oiseau aquatique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Europe orientale, Afrique au sud du Sahara

Classification Agris : L20 - Écologie animale
L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2005-2013) - Santé animale et maladies émergentes

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