Improved somatic embryogenesis from Cocos nucifera (L.) plumule explants

Pérez-Nuñez Teresa, Chan J.L., Saenz Luis, Gonzalez T., Verdeil Jean-Luc, Oropeza Carlos. 2006. Improved somatic embryogenesis from Cocos nucifera (L.) plumule explants. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology. Plant, 42 (1) : 37-43.

Résumé : Coconut is one of the most recalcitrant species to regenerate in vitro. Although previous research efforts using plumule explants have resulted in reproducible somatic embryogenesis, efficiency is only 4 or 10 somatic embryos per plumule without or with a brassinolide treatment, respectively. In order to increase the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis in coconut, two different approaches were evaluated and reported here: secondary somatic embryogenesis and multiplication of embryogenic callus. Primary somatic embryos obtained from plumule explants were used as explants and formed both embryogenic callus and secondary somatic embryos. The embryogenic calluses obtained after three multiplication cycles were capable of producing somatic embryos. The efficiency of the system was evaluated in a stepwise process beginning with an initial step for inducing primary somatic embryogenesis followed by three steps for inducing secondary somatic embryogenesis followed by three steps for embryogenic callus multiplication, and finally production of somatic embryos from callus. The total calculated yield from one plumule was 98?000 somatic embryos. Comparing this to the yield obtained from primary somatic embryogenesis results in about a 50?000-fold increase. When compared to the yield previously reported in the literature with the use of a brassinolide treatment, it is about a 10?000-fold increase in yield. The present protocol represents important progress in improvement in the efficiency of coconut somatic embryo production.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Cocos nucifera, Embryogénèse somatique, explant, plumule, multiplication végétative, anatomie végétale, développement biologique, histologie

Classification Agris : F02 - Multiplication végétative des plantes
F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Pérez-Nuñez Teresa, CICY (MEX)
• Chan J.L., CICY (MEX)
• Saenz Luis, CICY (MEX)
• Gonzalez T., CICY (MEX)
• Verdeil Jean-Luc, CIRAD-CP-UMR BEPC (FRA)
• Oropeza Carlos, CICY (MEX)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/542433/)

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