Vector competence of some french Culex and Aedes mosquitoes for west nile virus

Balenghien Thomas, Vazeille Marie, Grandadam Marc, Schaffner Francis, Zeller Hervé, Reiter Paul, Sabatier Philippe, Fouque Florence, Bicout Dominique. 2008. Vector competence of some french Culex and Aedes mosquitoes for west nile virus. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 8 (5) : 589-595.

Résumé : To identify the mosquito species able to sustain the transmission of West Nile Virus (WNV) in the Camargue region (the main WNV focus of southern France), we assessed the vector competence of Culex modestus and Culex pipiens, the most abundant bird-feeders, and Aedes caspius, the most abundant mammophilic species occasionally found engorged with avian blood. Female mosquitoes were exposed to the infectious meal (1010.3 plaque forming units (PFU)/mL) by membrane feeding, and hold at 26°C. After the incubation period, disseminated infection was assessed by WNV detection using an indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) on head squashes, and the transmission rate was assessed by the presence of WNV RNA in salivary secretions with a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). After 14 incubation days, the disseminated infection and the transmission rates were 89.2% and 54.5% for Cx. modestus, 38.5% and 15.8% for Cx. pipiens, and 0.8% and 0 for Ae. caspius. Culex modestus was found to be an extremely efficient laboratory WNV vector and could thus be considered the main WNV vector in wetlands of the Camargue. Culex pipiens was a moderately efficient laboratory WNV vector, but in dry areas of the region it could play the main role in WNV transmission between birds and from birds to mammals. Aedes caspius was an inefficient vector of WNV in the laboratory, and despite its high densities, its role in WNV transmission may be minor in southern France.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : flavivirus, vecteur de maladie, identification, transmission des maladies, Culex, Culex pipiens, Aedes, infection expérimentale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Languedoc-Roussillon, France

Mots-clés complémentaires : Fièvre du Nil occidental, Aedes caspius

Mots-clés géographiques complémentaires : Camargue

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2005-2013) - Santé animale et maladies émergentes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Balenghien Thomas, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CMAEE (FRA) ORCID: 0009-0008-4495-4814
• Vazeille Marie, Institut Pasteur (FRA)
• Grandadam Marc, Institut de médecine tropicale du service de santé des armées (FRA)
• Schaffner Francis, UZH (CHE)
• Zeller Hervé, Institut Pasteur (FRA)
• Reiter Paul, Institut Pasteur (FRA)
• Sabatier Philippe, ENVL (FRA)
• Fouque Florence, Institut Pasteur (FRA)
• Bicout Dominique, ENVL (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/546869/)

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