An outlook on the Sub-Saharan Africa carbon balance

Bombelli Antonio, Henry M., Castaldi S., Adu-Bredu Stephen, Arneth Almur, De Grandcourt Agnès, Grieco E., Kutsch Werner L., Lehsten V., Rasile A., Reichstein Markus, Tansey K., Weber Ulrich, Valentini Riccardo. 2009. An outlook on the Sub-Saharan Africa carbon balance. Biogeosciences, 6 (10) : 2193-2205.

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2193-2009

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Type d'url non précisé : http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/2193/2009/bg-6-2193-2009.html

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : ECOLOGY

Résumé : This study gives an outlook on the carbon balance of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by presenting a summary of currently available results from the project CarboAfrica (namely net ecosystem productivity and emissions from fires, deforestation and forest degradation, by field and model estimates) supplemented by bibliographic data and compared with a new synthesis of the data from national communications to UNFCCC. According to these preliminary estimates the biogenic carbon balance of SSA varies from 0.16 Pg C y-1 to a much higher sink of 1.00 Pg C y-1 (depending on the source data). Models estimates would give an unrealistic sink of 3.23 Pg C y-1, confirming their current inadequacy when applied to Africa. The carbon uptake by forests and savannas (0.34 and 1.89 Pg C y-1, respectively,) are the main contributors to the resulting sink. Fires (0.72 Pg C y-1) and deforestation (0.25 Pg C y-1) are the main contributors to the SSA carbon emissions, while the agricultural sector and forest degradation contributes only with 0.12 and 0.08 Pg C y-1, respectively. Savannas play a major role in shaping the SSA carbon balance, due to their large extension, their fire regime, and their strong interannual NEP variability, but they are also a major uncertainty in the overall budget. Even if fossil fuel emissions from SSA are relative low, they can be crucial in defining the sign of the overall SSA carbon balance by reducing the natural sink potential, especially in the future. This paper shows that Africa plays a key role in the global carbon cycle system and probably could have a potential for carbon sequestration higher than expected, even if still highly uncertain. Further investigations are needed, particularly to better address the role of savannas and tropical forests and to improve biogeochemical models. The CarboAfrica network of carbon measurements could provide future unique data sets for better estimating the African carbon balance.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : cycle du carbone, savane, forêt tropicale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique au sud du Sahara

Classification Agris : K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 6 (2005-2013) - Agriculture, environnement, nature et sociétés

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