Basal lignified star-shaped cavity in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): early development in nursery and consequences for BSR control

Jacquemard Jean-Charles, Suryana Edyana, Breton Frédéric, Lubis Zulkifli, De Franqueville Hubert. 2010. Basal lignified star-shaped cavity in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): early development in nursery and consequences for BSR control. In : International Oil Palm Conference (IOPC 2010) : transforming oil palm industry, Yogyakarta, Indonésie, 1-3 June 2010. IOPRI. s.l. : s.n., 1-20. International Oil Palm Conference, Yogyakarta, Indonésie, 1 Juin 2010/3 Juin 2010.

Résumé : The existence of a high lignified star-shaped cavity at the base of the bole, or more precisely at the root - bole interface, has been clearly identified for the first time. This cavity appears to be a perfect culture chamber for Ganoderma development. Random observations of the initial stage of Basal Stem Rot infection in young palms showed the development of infectious stroma-like structures inside the cavity prior to colonisation of the bole. The existence of a lignified scar in 8-month-old seedlings was revealed by initial observation. The scar then developed further inside the star-shaped cavity (Breton et al, 2009a; Breton et al, 2009b). Specific observation during early growth stages in the nursery revealed the appearance of a very tiny scar after 5 months on a few seedlings. The number of affected seedlings increased rapidly to reach nearly 100% after 9 months. The scar grew quickly in all directions and the resulting cavity could reach 50% of bole diameter, 13 mm wide and 8 mm deep at this stage. The star-shaped cavities have 2 to 5 branches. After 6 to 7 months in the nursery, once the star-shaped cavity was extended enough, the development of mycelium (not identified) and / or presence of tiny arthropods such as aphids, Chilopodae larva and small ants ware frequently observed. These results demonstrate the role of this star-shaped cavity as a perfect culture chamber for fungus and a possible refuge for pests, predators or disease vectors at very early stages of oil palm development. This star-shaped cavity definitely appears to be an interesting target for preventive action against Basal Stem Rot, i.e. Biocontrol by antagonistic, long-lasting fungicide, etc.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Elaeis guineensis

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Sumatra

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes
F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Jacquemard Jean-Charles, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Génétique palmier (IDN)
• Suryana Edyana, SOCFINDO (IDN)
• Breton Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Génétique palmier (IDN) ORCID: 0000-0002-6853-2623
• Lubis Zulkifli, SOCFINDO (IDN)
• De Franqueville Hubert, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Génétique palmier (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/554902/)

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