Effect of banana crop mixtures on the plant-feeding nematode community

Quénéhervé Patrick, Barrière Virginie, Salmon Frédéric, Houdre Francis, Achard Raphaël, Gertrude Jean-Claude, Marie-Luce Serge, Chabrier Christian, Duyck Pierre François, Tixier Philippe. 2011. Effect of banana crop mixtures on the plant-feeding nematode community. Applied Soil Ecology, 49 (1) : 40-45.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : SOIL SCIENCE

Résumé : Varietal mixture is a cultural technique in which the genetic and functional diversities of varieties are used to manage pests and diseases. This strategy is commonly used on grass crops such as rice, barley, maize, and wheat to mitigate some windborne and soilborne pathogens. The effects of varietal mixtures on the number and community structure of pests, including plant-feeding nematodes (PFNs), however, have rarely been studied. In experiments conducted in Martinique, we evaluated the effect of varietal mixtures of bananas on PFN communities. A growth chamber experiment was used to measure the susceptibility of three banana cultivars dessert banana cv. 902 (Musa AAA, Cavendish subgroup); a new synthetic hybrid cv. FB924 (Musa AAA); and a plantain cv. Creole blanche (Musa AAB, French Horn) to the two major PFNs. The multiplication rates of Radopholus similis and Pratylenchus coffeae were substantially different on the three varieties; for example, the multiplication rate was up to 10 times greater on plantain cv. Creole blanche than on hybrid cv. FB924. In a field experiment, we planted the three varieties in pairs that included all six possible combinations. Banana varietal mixtures significantly affected both PFN densities and community composition. Differences in community composition among the pairs involved a shifting equilibrium among nematode species and an interspecific competition for food resources. The relative abundance of the spiral nematode Helicotylenchus multicinctus increased while that of the burrowing nematode R. similis, which is the most damaging species on bananas, decreased. The use of a varietal mixture in which one variety supports a low PFN multiplication rate appears to have practical relevance, especially in systems based on very susceptible cultivars such as plantains. The use of varietal mixtures should not create management problems, especially for plantations that produce bananas for local markets.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Musa (plantains), Musa (bananes), Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Nematoda

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Martinique, France

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Quénéhervé Patrick, IRD (MTQ)
• Barrière Virginie
• Salmon Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (GLP)
• Houdre Francis
• Achard Raphaël, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (MTQ)
• Gertrude Jean-Claude
• Marie-Luce Serge, IRD (MTQ)
• Chabrier Christian, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (MTQ) ORCID: 0000-0001-6502-9822
• Duyck Pierre François, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (MTQ) ORCID: 0000-0001-5484-1970
• Tixier Philippe, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (MTQ) ORCID: 0000-0001-5147-9777

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/560889/)

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