Control of Elasmopalpus lignosellus and Aspergillus flavus by Bacillus thuringiensis reduces aflatoxins in peanuts

Bowen Kira, Huang Peiming, Singh Nagendra K., Cherry Joe, Rang Cécile, Frutos Roger. 1996. Control of Elasmopalpus lignosellus and Aspergillus flavus by Bacillus thuringiensis reduces aflatoxins in peanuts. In : International conference on Technology transfer in biological control : de la recherche à la pratique, Montpellier, 9-11 septembre 1996. Résumés = Conférence internationale sur les Tansferts de technologie en lutte biologique : de la recherche à la pratique, Montpellier, 9-11 septembre 1996. Résumés. Silvy Christine (ed.). IOBC, CILBA. Paris : INRA, 238. (Bulletin OILB/SROP, 19(8)) ISBN 92-9067-082-7 Conference internationale sur les transferts de technologie en lutte biologique, Montpellier, France, 9 Septembre 1996/11 Septembre 1996.

Résumé : A strain of Bacillus thuringiensis (633) with lepidopteran activity was selected for high chitinase activity using an in vitro assay. Incubation of this strain with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine resulted in several colonies exhibiting clearing zones after 24 hr. when plated on nutrient agar containing chitin. One colony was selected (634) and assayed in vitro for fungicidal activity against Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria solani. In both cases, 634 inhibited growth of the fungi, whereas 633 did not. In peanut field trials, initial seed treatments using 634 significantly reduced Aspergillus spp. fungal colonization and aflatoxin concentration of the harvested peanuts when compared to the untreated control. Results of glasshouse assays of peanuts grown in pots demonstrate that 634 (used as a seed treatment) also significantly reduced plant damage due to the lesser cornstalk borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus. This soil insect causes direct damage to the peanut peg and pod which also allows easier penetration by Aspergillus. Current research has focused on enhancing the fungicidal activity of 634 by expressing the antifungal protein, osmotin. Results of these studies and the possibility of using B. thuringiensis for concurrent control of more than one type of pest will be discussed.

Classification Agris : Q03 - Contamination et toxicologie alimentaires
H20 - Maladies des plantes
H10 - Ravageurs des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Bowen Kira
• Huang Peiming
• Singh Nagendra K.
• Cherry Joe
• Rang Cécile, CIRAD-GERDAT-BIOTROP/IGEPAM (FRA)
• Frutos Roger, CIRAD-GERDAT-BIOTROP/IGEPAM (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/561916/)

Métriques

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