Potential and limits of "assisted" push-pull strategies for the management of pests of staple food and horticultural crops in Sudano-Sahelian agroecosystems

Ratnadass Alain, Zakari-Moussa Ousmane, Pasternak Dov, Nikiema Albert, Kumar S., Fatondji Dougbedji, Herrmann Laetitia, Grechi Isabelle, Ryckewaert Philippe, Vayssières Jean-François, Salha Halarou, Cissé B., Hamada M.A.G., Guibré R., Salami I., Togola M., Traoré S., Maazou Abdul A., Siaka S.A.. 2011. Potential and limits of "assisted" push-pull strategies for the management of pests of staple food and horticultural crops in Sudano-Sahelian agroecosystems. In : SEMIO-11 Workshop Abstracts, 12-15 November 2011, Nairobi, Kenya. s.l. : s.n., Résumé, 59. SEMIO-11 Workshop, Nairobi, Kenya, 12 Novembre 2011/15 Novembre 2011.

Résumé : The "push-pull" strategy is a stimulo-deterrent diversion technique whose principle consists in repelling the insect pest from the main crop using repellent ("push") crops and attracting it to the border of the cropped field using trap ("pull") plants. Conversely, some "push" plants may attract (via "pull" stimuli) natural enemies of pests in the crop/field. In these systems, pest and natural enemy behaviour is mediated by visual and semiochemical cues, some of the latter being produced during damage to plants by pests. The main example of successful implementation of "push-pull" principles is that of stem borer management by ICIPE and its partners in Eastern Africa. However, there are many limits to the generalization of such a pest management strategy. To extend the range of its application and delay potential dangers of dead-end trap plants on the long term, one should not rely on mere plant species diversity arrangement in agroecosystems, but mimick or re-inforce the processes at play, which results in "assisted" push-pull. We report such potential and limits of the push-pull principles, their application and their extensions, based on our experience in the context of Sudano-Sahelian staple-food and horticultural crop-based cropping systems of West Africa. For instance, a neem extract was assessed in Burkina Faso for potential repelling effects on vegetable fruit flies on zucchini, as a complement to "assisted" trap-cropping using spot-spraying with GF-120. Results on okra from Niger question the potential of spraying neem extract as complementary to trap-cropping with pigeon-pea, in a "food-web optimization" perspective. On the other hand, the potential of GF-120 for controlling both the monophagous Ziziphus fruit fly and polyphagous cucurbit fruitflies in a cropping system, via two radically opposite semiochemically-mediated pathways, is also highlighted. Results from earlier studies in Mali shed a new light on prospects for using some sorghum cultivars and physic nut extracts in an assisted trap-cropping strategy for protection of high-value crops such as cotton. In such "assisted push-pull" strategies, care should be taken that only repellent effects on the main crop, and only insecticidal or deterrent effects (depending on the pest stage targeted) on the trap crop are at play and,. This requires further chemical ecology studies on the deterrent vs repellent vs insecticidal vs attractive effects of plants and plant extracts vis-à-vis crop pests and their natural enemies, in view of quantifying responses from the insects, that will help parameterize individual-based spatially explicit models as tools to improve our understanding of plant-herbivore-natural enemies interactions and optimize pest management in Sudano-Sahelian agroecosystems. (Texte intégral)

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture

Auteurs et affiliations

• Ratnadass Alain, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-8873-5671
• Zakari-Moussa Ousmane, Université Abdou Moumouni (NER)
• Pasternak Dov, ICRISAT (NER)
• Nikiema Albert
• Kumar S.
• Fatondji Dougbedji
• Herrmann Laetitia
• Grechi Isabelle, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-3399-6102
• Ryckewaert Philippe, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (MTQ)
• Vayssières Jean-François, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (BEN)
• Salha Halarou, ICRISAT (NER)
• Cissé B.
• Hamada M.A.G.
• Guibré R.
• Salami I.
• Togola M.
• Traoré S.
• Maazou Abdul A.
• Siaka S.A.

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/563515/)

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