Assessment of the genetic diversity of the Tunisian citrus rootstock germplasm

Snoussi Trifa Hager, Duval Marie-France, Garcia-Lor Andrés, Belfalah Zina, Froelicher Yann, Risterucci Ange-Marie, Perrier Xavier, Jacquemoud-Collet Jean-Pierre, Navarro Luis, Harrabi Moncef, Ollitrault Patrick. 2012. Assessment of the genetic diversity of the Tunisian citrus rootstock germplasm. BMC Genetics, 13 (16), 12 p.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : GENETICS & HEREDITY

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Anthropologie-Ethnologie

Résumé : Background: Citrus represents a substantial income for farmers in the Mediterranean Basin. However, the Mediterranean citrus industry faces increasing biotic and abiotic constraints. Therefore the breeding and selection of new rootstocks are now of the utmost importance. In Tunisia, in addition to sour orange, the most widespread traditional rootstock of the Mediterranean area, other citrus rootstocks and well adapted to local environmental conditions, are traditionally used and should be important genetic resources for breeding. To characterize the diversity of Tunisian citrus rootstocks, two hundred and one local accessions belonging to four facultative apomictic species (C. aurantium, sour orange; C. sinensis, orange; C. limon, lemon; and C. aurantifolia, lime) were collected and genotyped using 20 nuclear SSR markers and four indel mitochondrial markers. Multi-locus genotypes (MLGs) were compared to references from French and Spanish collections. Results: The differentiation of the four varietal groups was well-marked. The groups displayed a relatively high allelic diversity, primarily due to very high heterozygosity. Sixteen distinct MLGs were identified. Ten of these were noted in sour oranges. However, the majority of the analysed sour orange accessions corresponded with only two MLGs, differentiated by a single allele, likely due to a mutation. The most frequent MLG is shared with the reference sour oranges. No polymorphism was found within the sweet orange group. Two MLGs, differentiated by a single locus, were noted in lemon. The predominant MLG was shared with the reference lemons. Limes were represented by three genotypes. Two corresponded to the 'Mexican lime' and 'limonette de Marrakech' references. The MLG of 'Chiiri' lime was unique. Conclusions: The Tunisian citrus rootstock genetic diversity is predominantly due to high heterozygosity and differentiation between the four varietal groups. The phenotypic diversity within the varietal groups has resulted from multiple introductions, somatic mutations and rare sexual recombination events. Finally, this diversity study enabled the identification of a core sample of accessions for further physiological and agronomical evaluations. These core accessions will be integrated into citrus rootstock breeding programs for the Mediterranean Basin.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : porte greffe, Citrus aurantium, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limon, Citrus aurantiifolia, génotype, marqueur génétique, microsatellite, collection de matériel génétique, variation génétique, phénotype, hétérozygote

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Tunisie

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Snoussi Trifa Hager, INRAT (TUN)
• Duval Marie-France, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Garcia-Lor Andrés, IVIA (ESP)
• Belfalah Zina, INRAT (TUN)
• Froelicher Yann, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Risterucci Ange-Marie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Perrier Xavier, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-0092-003X
• Jacquemoud-Collet Jean-Pierre, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-8754-565X
• Navarro Luis, IVIA (ESP)
• Harrabi Moncef, INAT (TUN)
• Ollitrault Patrick, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (ESP) ORCID: 0000-0002-9456-5517

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/563836/)

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