Investigating and promoting new local legume symbioses for development in west african and mediterranean countries

De Lajudie Philippe, Neyra Marc, Galiana Antoine, Nzoué A., Sy Abdoulaye, Molouba Flore, Chaintreuil Clémence, Moulin Lionel, Le Roux Christine, Domergue Odile, Jourand Philippe, Dreyfus Bernard, Houngnandan P., Zoubeirou Alzouma Mayaki, Yattara Inamoud, Sacko Ousmane, Atallah T., Zakhia Frédéric, Mars Messaoud, Mahdhi Mosbah, Jeder Habib, Filali-Maltouf Abdelkarim, Mohamed S.H.. 2009. Investigating and promoting new local legume symbioses for development in west african and mediterranean countries. In : International Congress "Microbial Biotechnology for Development" = Congrès international "biotechnologie microbienne au service du développement" (MICROBIOD 1), Marrakech, Maroc, 02-05 November 2009. Association marocaine de biotechnologie microbienne et. Marrakech. : MICROBIONA., Résumé, 47-48. Congrès international "biotechnologie microbienne au service du développement", Marrakech, Maroc, 2 Novembre 2009/5 Novembre 2009.

Résumé : In the context of climate change, increasing earth population and burst of energy cost, legumes should contribute more to both food security and sustainable management of natural resources (water, soils) in the next years. A collaborative work with research groups in several developing countries during the past 20 years focused on investigation and sampling of local wild legumes (herbs, shrubs and trees) having environmental/agronomic/forestry potential in West Africa and in the Mediterranean region. New symbiotic systems were discovered, resulting in new models for fundamental research, and new applications. This is, for one part, due to their associated microsymbionts, often belonging to unexpected bacterial groups with original physiological / metabolic properties i.e. photosynthesis, freeliving nitrogen fixation, methylothrophy, tolerance to extreme environmental conditions (salinity, aridity, heavy metals, hydrocarbon breakdown), stem nodulation, beneficial associations with non-legume plants (cereals). This may account for their wider adaptation to a variety of plant species and ecological habitats than previously thought, opening new insights for the domestication of these " multipurpose rhizobia ". Indeed new arable soils are required wordwide, often from degraded lands, affected by aridity, salinity, mining activities, pollution. Rhizobia may thus participate as tools Several examples picked up from our diversity investigations over recent years will be presented to illustrate either success stories of beneficial use of these new symbioses or reasonably good perspectives of application of research in different aspects, soil fertility regeneration/maintenance, food crop production optimization (i.e. green manure, nematode control, associated cultures), sustainable environmental management. Federated farmer organizations at the local, regional and national levels are active collaborative partners in research and dissemination of results to their end user members (small farmers, NGOs, foresters agronomists and cattle breeders, industrials...).

Classification Agris : F01 - Culture des plantes
F40 - Écologie végétale
F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement
P35 - Fertilité du sol

Auteurs et affiliations

• De Lajudie Philippe, IRD (FRA)
• Neyra Marc, IRD (FRA)
• Galiana Antoine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5293-5049
• Nzoué A.
• Sy Abdoulaye, CIRAD-AMIS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Molouba Flore, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Chaintreuil Clémence, IRD (FRA)
• Moulin Lionel, IRD (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-9068-6912
• Le Roux Christine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-0668-3589
• Domergue Odile, INRA (FRA)
• Jourand Philippe, IRD (FRA)
• Dreyfus Bernard, IRD (FRA)
• Houngnandan P., UAC (BEN)
• Zoubeirou Alzouma Mayaki, Université Abdou Moumouni (NER)
• Yattara Inamoud, Université du Mali (MLI)
• Sacko Ousmane, Université du Mali (MLI)
• Atallah T., Université Libanaise (LBN)
• Zakhia Frédéric, Université Libanaise (LBN)
• Mars Messaoud, Université de Gabès (TUN)
• Mahdhi Mosbah, Université de Gabès (TUN)
• Jeder Habib, Université de Gabès (TUN)
• Filali-Maltouf Abdelkarim, UM5 (MAR)
• Mohamed S.H., Sebha University (LBY)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/564407/)

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