Effect of elevated CO2 and high temperature on seed-set and grain quality of rice

Madan P., Jagadish Krishna S.V., Craufurd P.Q., Fitzgerald Melissa A., Lafarge Tanguy, Wheeler T.A.. 2012. Effect of elevated CO2 and high temperature on seed-set and grain quality of rice. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63 (10) : 3843-3852.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : Hybrid vigour may help overcome the negative effects of climate change in rice. A popular rice hybrid (IR75217H), a heat-tolerant check (N22), and a mega-variety (IR64) were tested for tolerance of seed-set and grain quality to high-temperature stress at anthesis at ambient and elevated [CO2]. Under an ambient air temperature of 29 °C (tissue temperature 28.3 °C), elevated [CO2] increased vegetative and reproductive growth, including seed yield in all three genotypes. Seed-set was reduced by high temperature in all three genotypes, with the hybrid and IR64 equally affected and twice as sensitive as the tolerant cultivar N22. No interaction occurred between temperature and [CO2] for seed-set. The hybrid had significantly more anthesed spikelets at all temperatures than IR64 and at 29 °C this resulted in a large yield advantage. At 35 °C (tissue temperature 32.9 °C) the hybrid had a higher seed yield than IR64 due to the higher spikelet number, but at 38 °C (tissue temperature 34-35 °C) there was no yield advantage. Grain gel consistency in the hybrid and IR64 was reduced by high temperatures only at elevated [CO2], while the percentage of broken grains increased from 10% at 29 °C to 35% at 38 °C in the hybrid. It is concluded that seed-set of hybrids is susceptible to short episodes of high temperature during anthesis, but that at intermediate tissue temperatures of 32.9 °C higher spikelet number (yield potential) of the hybrid can compensate to some extent. If the heat tolerance from N22 or other tolerant donors could be transferred into hybrids, yield could be maintained under the higher temperatures predicted with climate change.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Oryza sativa, changement climatique, hybride, dioxyde de carbone, température, tolérance à la chaleur, développement biologique, rendement des cultures, floraison, mise à graine, épillet, fertilité, qualité, grain

Classification Agris : F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement
P40 - Météorologie et climatologie
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Madan P., IARI (IND)
• Jagadish Krishna S.V., IRRI [International Rice Research Institute] (PHL)
• Craufurd P.Q., University of Reading (GBR)
• Fitzgerald Melissa A., IRRI [International Rice Research Institute] (PHL)
• Lafarge Tanguy, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Wheeler T.A., IRRI [International Rice Research Institute] (PHL)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/565172/)

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