Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium in monoculture and intercropped plantations: Evolution of soil and litter microbial and chemical attributes during early stages of plant development

Bini Daniel, Alcantara dos Santos Cristiane, Bouillet Jean-Pierre, De Moraes Gonçalves Jose Leonardo, Bran Nogueira Cardoso Elke Jurandy. 2013. Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium in monoculture and intercropped plantations: Evolution of soil and litter microbial and chemical attributes during early stages of plant development. Applied Soil Ecology, 63 : 57-66.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : SOIL SCIENCE

Résumé : Soil microorganisms and microbial processes are influenced by the quality and quantity of plant waste entering the soil, by its seasonal and spatial distribution, by the ratio of above- to below-ground inputs, and by changes in nutrient inputs. Soil management strategies sometimes promote mixed-species plan-tations to mitigate the loss of soil nutrients and improve biogeochemical cycling. The objective of this study was to explore changes in microbiological and chemical attributes of soils and litter in the early stages of the second rotation of mixed and pure plantations of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium, and to look for correlations between attributes. Soil samples at 0-10 cm depth were collected two, seven, 14, and 20 months after planting in the following treatments: monocultures of A. mangium and E. gran-dis, a monoculture of E. grandis with N-fertilizer, and an intercropped plantation with E. grandis and A. mangium. Microbial soil attributes varied dramatically between treatments 20 months after planting. Total C, N and P contents in litter showed the strongest correlations with microbial biomass C and N (Cmic and Nmic), microbial respiration, and dehydrogenase activity in all sampling periods. Lower C/N and C/P ratios in litter and lower C/N and Cmic/tC ratios in soils after 20 months in the intercropped plantation illustrated the system's capacity for supplying inputs of high-quality organic matter rich in N and P, but this did not result in higher contents of these elements or greater microbial activity in soils. An implication of this finding is that, at least in the initial growth phase of these plantations, chemical attributes of the litter and variation in those attributes govern microbial processes and, consequently, are mostly respon-sible for plant development. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed changes in the microbiological and chemical attributes of soil in the intercropped plantation due to the plants growth and the leaf litter accu-mulation. Twenty months after planting, the different plantations could be discriminated by differences in litter chemistry (C, N, and P), total soil C, Nmic, and dehydrogenase activity, which were very similar in intercropped plantations and E. grandis with N-fertilizer. These results from the early stages of planta-tion development are important for understanding the dynamics of soil attributes in these systems, and especially in intercropped plantations. In intercropped areas the cumulative effect of microbial attributes reflects a more sustainable system. Long-term studies are needed to identify patterns that develop after 20 months, during the growth period of these plantations.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Eucalyptus grandis, Acacia mangium, monoculture, culture intercalaire, azote, phosphore, carbone, teneur en éléments minéraux, composition chimique, micro-organisme du sol, sol, litière forestière, rotation culturale

Classification Agris : F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
P34 - Biologie du sol
K10 - Production forestière
P33 - Chimie et physique du sol

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Bini Daniel, USP (BRA)
• Alcantara dos Santos Cristiane, USP (BRA)
• Bouillet Jean-Pierre, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (BRA)
• De Moraes Gonçalves Jose Leonardo, USP (BRA)
• Bran Nogueira Cardoso Elke Jurandy, USP (BRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/566793/)

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