Impacts of land use on soil microbial biomass and soil organic status in Western Cameroon

Fotio Daniel, Simon Serge, Ondo Jean Aubin, Mfopou Mewouo Yvette Clarice, Nguefack Julienne, Njomgang Roseline, Ngueguim Martin, Teguefouet Pierre. 2013. Impacts of land use on soil microbial biomass and soil organic status in Western Cameroon. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 3 (1) : 99-111.

Résumé : Living organisms and their enzymes are responsible of most of the soil biotic interactions in agro-ecosystems. This study was to evaluate the impact of land use (cropping systems and farming practices) on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in Western Cameroon. We sampled soil (0-20 cm) in four different land use systems (extensive, intermediate, intensive and an undisturbed natural habitat). We also measured soil health indicators in each land use type. We observed that the total organic carbon (Corg) and P availability was significantly higher in agro-ecosystems as compared to undisturbed natural habitat. Similar trends were recorded for pH, electrical conductivity, and ?-glucosidase, dehydrogenases and acid phosphatase activities. We also recorded a significant variation in microbial biomass C (Cmic: 312.0 to 544.5 mg kg-1 dry soil) and microbial biomass N (Nmic: 5.40 to 25.31 mg kg-1 dry soil) with land use intensity. The Cmic/Corg ratios of soils were two-fold lower in agricultural lands with vegetables than the undisturbed control plot indicating a decrease in soil microorganisms. Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation (r = - 0.806, P < 0.01) between soil clay content and microbial biomass C, and a high Corg/N ratio suggesting a heterogeneous distribution of the population of microorganisms between soils and the immobilization of P, respectively. Our results suggest that the selected soil health indicators were sensitive to farming practices and cropping systems.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : qualité, sol tropical, utilisation des terres, pratique culturale, système de culture, agroécosystème, micro-organisme du sol, propriété physicochimique du sol, activité enzymatique, fertilité du sol, matière organique du sol

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Cameroun

Classification Agris : P35 - Fertilité du sol
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
P34 - Biologie du sol
P33 - Chimie et physique du sol

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Fotio Daniel, IRAD (CMR)
• Simon Serge, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (BEN) ORCID: 0000-0001-8811-7809
• Ondo Jean Aubin, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Libreville (GAB)
• Mfopou Mewouo Yvette Clarice, IRAD (CMR)
• Nguefack Julienne, Université de Yaoundé 1 (CMR)
• Njomgang Roseline, IRAD (CMR)
• Ngueguim Martin, IRAD (CMR)
• Teguefouet Pierre, IRAD (CMR)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/567333/)

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