West nile virus transmission in sentinel chickens and potential mosquito vectors, Senegal River Delta, 2008-2009

Fall Assane Gueye, Diaite Amadou, Seck Momar Talla, Bouyer Jérémy, Lefrançois Thierry, Vachiery Nathalie, Aprelon Rosalie, Faye Ousmane, Konaté Lassana, Lancelot Renaud. 2013. West nile virus transmission in sentinel chickens and potential mosquito vectors, Senegal River Delta, 2008-2009. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10 (10) : 4718-4727.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10104718

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Quartile : Q2, Sujet : ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Résumé : West Nile virus (WNV) is an arthropod-borne Flavivirus usually transmitted to wild birds by Culex mosquitoes. Humans and horses are susceptible to WNV but are dead-end hosts. WNV is endemic in Senegal, particularly in the Senegal River Delta. To assess transmission patterns and potential vectors, entomological and sentinel serological was done in Ross Bethio along the River Senegal. Three sentinel henhouses (also used as chicken-baited traps) were set at 100 m, 800 m, and 1,300 m from the river, the latter close to a horse-baited trap. Blood samples were taken from sentinel chickens at 2-week intervals. Seroconversions were observed in sentinel chickens in November and December. Overall, the serological incidence rate was 4.6% with 95% confidence interval (0.9; 8.4) in the sentinel chickens monitored for this study. Based on abundance pattern, Culex neavei was the most likely mosquito vector involved in WNV transmission to sentinel chickens, and a potential bridge vector between birds and mammals.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : flavivirus, Culicidae, Culex, surveillance épidémiologique, animal indicateur, poulet, transmission des maladies, immunologie, dynamique des populations

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : fleuve Sénégal, Sénégal

Mots-clés complémentaires : Culex neavei, Fièvre du Nil occidental

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2005-2013) - Santé animale et maladies émergentes

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