Assessing the indirect impact of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab expressing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) on hemipteran pest populations

Hofs Jean-Luc, Gozé Eric, Cene Bila, Kioye Samy, Adakal Hassane. 2013. Assessing the indirect impact of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab expressing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) on hemipteran pest populations. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 97 : 49-54. Meeting on Ecological Impact of Genetically Modified Organisms. 6, Berlin, Allemagne, 3 Juin 2013/5 Juin 2013.

Résumé : Bt cotton was introduced in Burkina Faso (West Africa) in 2008, while countries that adopted Bt cotton earlier have been facing increasing pressure by sucking pests. We conducted a three year comparative study in Bt and non-Bt cotton fields of South-West Burkina Faso to assess hemipteran populations and to detect potential insect outbreaks as observed in other countries such as China and USA. Hemipteran insect sampling was carried out three times per year and insect abundance was evaluated on the base of families. The study was complemented with a three year damage assessment on leaves and bolls and a boll production analysis in 2010. Cicadellidae (Typhlocibinae), Pyrrhocoridae, Pentatomidae, Coreidae and Miridae had the highest incidence in cotton fields. The dominant trend in their population dynamics shows higher insect frequencies in Bt cotton and an increase over time in both cultivars (Bt or non-Bt). Leaf and boll damages were significantly higher in Bt cotton than in non-Bt cotton. Our study suggests different and additive possible causes of the hemipteran outbreak that should further be investigated in depth: 1 - the reduction of insecticide spray numbers in Bt-cotton fields, 2 - the loss of genetically inherited resistance (leaf hairiness), 3 - the decreasing efficacy of insect control programs in non-Bt cotton and (particularly) 4 - the emergence of insecticide resistance in some hemipteran populations, especially in non-Bt fields. The authors also draw the attention of the Burkinabe cotton sector stakeholders on the importance of a quick implementation of IPM measures to guarantee the sustainability of Bt-cotton cultivation in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Gossypium hirsutum, expérimentation au champ, plante transgénique, Hemiptera, ravageur des plantes, dynamique des populations, évaluation de l'impact, impact sur l'environnement

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
H10 - Ravageurs des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Hofs Jean-Luc, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR SCA (BFA)
• Gozé Eric, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR SCA (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-9121-7835
• Cene Bila, CIRDES (BFA)
• Kioye Samy, CIRDES (BFA)
• Adakal Hassane, CIRDES (BFA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/572931/)

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