Influence of plant diversity, insecticide applications and landscape on arthropod species richness of two trophic levels in mango orchards

Jacquot Maxime, Muru David, Duyck Pierre François, Chiroleu Frédéric, Tixier Philippe, Deguine Jean-Philippe. 2014. Influence of plant diversity, insecticide applications and landscape on arthropod species richness of two trophic levels in mango orchards. In : Colloque d'Ecologie BES-SFE 2014, 9-12 décembre 2014, Lille, France = BES and SFE Joint Annual Meeting, 2014: 9-12 December, Lille, France. BES, SFE. s.l. : s.n., Résumé, 1 p. Colloque d'Ecologie BES-SFE 2014, Lille, France, 9 Décembre 2014/12 Décembre 2014.

Résumé : Conservation biological control implies an appropriate management of arthropod communities at several trophic levels. Plant addition in agroecosystems has effects on upper trophic levels by providing basal resources and new habitats. The abundance and species richness of phytophagous and predatory arthropods may therefore be modified with a potential impact on pest control. Landscape characteristics and pesticide applications are also well known to influence the different trophic levels of the agroecosystems. However, simultaneous influences of these factors on different trophic levels are still poorly reported. In mango orchards in Reunion, we tested the hypothesis that species richness (SR) of two trophic levels (primary and secondary consumers), are determined by frequency of insecticides application (FIA), addition of cover plants and landscape features. To this end, we used mixed linear models on data on arthropods from extensive sampling (34738 individuals of 469 species in 20 mango orchards). Our results showed that SR of primary consumers is significantly influenced by the abundance of plant detritus, SR of plants, FIA, proportion of semi-natural elements and the amount of ecotones (transition areas) in the landscape. Species richness of secondary consumers is significantly influenced by these same factors plus SR and abundance of primary consumers. These results confirm that an integrative approach is essential to understand the factors influencing species richness at the different trophic levels. From an applied perspective, changes in SR of plants and frequency of pesticide use can be levers to design new cropping systems increasing biodiversity. Success or failure of such agroecologi cal practices should also take into account the surrounding landscape.

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
F40 - Écologie végétale
L20 - Écologie animale

Auteurs et affiliations

• Jacquot Maxime, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Muru David
• Duyck Pierre François, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0001-5484-1970
• Chiroleu Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-4874-5357
• Tixier Philippe, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (CRI) ORCID: 0000-0001-5147-9777
• Deguine Jean-Philippe, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/574997/)

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