Characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease viral strains circulating at the wildlife/livestock interface of the great limpopo transfrontier conservation area

Jori Massanas Ferran, Caron Alexandre, Thompson Penny, Dwarka Rahana, Foggin Chris, De Garine-Wichatitsky Michel, Hofmeyr Markus, Van Heerden Juanita, Heath Livio. 2016. Characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease viral strains circulating at the wildlife/livestock interface of the great limpopo transfrontier conservation area. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 63 (1) : e58-e70.

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : VETERINARY SCIENCES / Quartile : Q2, Sujet : INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Résumé : Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) inflicts severe economic losses within infected countries and is arguably the most important trade-restricting livestock disease in the world. In southern Africa, infected African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) are the major reservoir of the South African Territories (SAT) types of the virus. With the progressive expansion of transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), the risk of FMD outbreaks is expected to increase due to a higher probability of buffalo/ livestock contacts. To investigate the dynamics of FMD within and around the Great Limpopo TFCA (GLTFCA), 5 herds of buffaloes were sampled in June 2010 to characterize circulating viruses in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Three SAT-2 and three SAT-3 viral strains were isolated in both countries, including one that was genetically linked with a recent SAT-2 outbreak in Mozambique in 2011. In addition, two groups of unvaccinated cattle (n = 192) were serologically monitored for 1 year at the wildlife/livestock interface of Gonarezhou National Park (GNP) in Zimbabwe between April 2009 and January 2010, using the liquid-phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) and a test for antibodies directed against non-structural proteins (NSP). Neither clinical signs nor vaccination of cattle were reported during the study, yet a high proportion of the monitored cattle showed antibody responses against SAT-3 and SAT-1. Antibodies against NSP were also detected in 10% of the monitored cattle. The results of this study suggest that cattle grazing in areas adjacent to the GLTFCA can be infected by buffalo or other infected livestock and that cattle trade movements can act as efficient disseminators of FMD viruses to areas several hundred kilometres from the virus source. Current methods of surveillance of FMD at the GLTFCA interface seem insufficient to control for FMD emergence and dissemination and require urgent reassessment and regional coordination.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : virus fièvre aphteuse, buffle africain, bétail, transmission des maladies, dynamique des populations, animal domestique, animal sauvage, interactions biologiques, zone protégée, fièvre aphteuse, épidémiologie, sérologie, animal indicateur, surveillance épidémiologique, contrôle de maladies

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Zimbabwe, Afrique du Sud

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Jori Massanas Ferran, CIRAD-ES-UPR AGIRs (BWA) ORCID: 0000-0001-5451-7767
• Caron Alexandre, CIRAD-ES-UPR AGIRs (ZWE) ORCID: 0000-0002-5213-3273
• Thompson Penny, University of Pretoria (ZAF)
• Dwarka Rahana, ARC (ZAF)
• Foggin Chris, Wildlife veterinary unit-Veterinary services of Zimbabwe (ZWE)
• De Garine-Wichatitsky Michel, CIRAD-ES-UPR AGIRs (ZWE) ORCID: 0000-0002-5438-1473
• Hofmeyr Markus, Kruger National Park (ZAF)
• Van Heerden Juanita, ARC (ZAF)
• Heath Livio, ARC (ZAF)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/576444/)

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