Oil palm in Africa

Lacan Xavier, Rafflegeau Sylvain, Feintrenie Laurène. 2015. Oil palm in Africa. . Bogota : FEDEPALMA, Résumé, 1 p. Conferencia Internacional sobre Palma de Aceite. 18, Cartagena de Indias, Colombie, 22 Septembre 2015/25 Septembre 2015.

Matériel d'accompagnement : 1 diaporama (56 vues)

Résumé : Palm oil demand is particularly strong in Africa, where people used to eat both refined and “red” oil palm. Population is increasing dramatically: 4 billion people are expected in 2100 of which 750 million in Nigeria. Undernourishment is concerning 20% of the population. As African oils and fats balance is in deficit,4 million tons of palm oil are already imported per year. Oil palm appears as a major solution to feed African people (best yield of energy per ha, high nutrition value of red oil palm) and to employ people (biggest quantity of labor work per ton of oil).Despite the lack of accurate data from smallholder sector, Oil palm area is estimated at 4,5 million ha of which 2/3 in Nigeria. More than 80% of oil palm area is controlled by smallholders, including family farms. They produce oil palm bunches in traditional “wild groves” (dura palm trees widely spaced within agroforestry or annual crops systems) and in small-scale oil palm plantations (tenera and open pollinated progenies: unselected planting material),properly spaced but often poorly maintained (pruning, weeding, fertilizing). Most of smallholders are facing high cost of inputs, poor access to loans, advice, planting material, fertilizer, working tools. Smallholders bunches are processed both in industrial mills and in artisanal small-scale mills (manual or motorized), producing artisanal red oil used for human alimentation and soap industry, but not refinable. Small scale process allow oil palm development far away from industrial mills and thus can be considered as socially and economically sustainable even with its poor oil extraction rate. Agro-industrial interests in Africa are growing since the 2000s. They are meeting government strategy: large-scale investments are setting up in many countries, often including small holders' development schemes and sustainability procedures. 800.000 ha of concessions for oil palm were recently acquired in Central Africa by international and local companies. In Liberia, 700.000 ha were awarded or reassigned between 2008-2010, all of which now owned by Southeast Asian companies. Ivory Coast is setting up a new development plan of 200.000 ha for the next ten years, 57%by agro-industry and 43% by smallholders. Nigeria is facing a huge challenge to reduce yield gap with all its “wild groves” area. Initiative towards more sustainable and inclusive oil palm production are taken, reviewing land tenure to enhance land availability for agriculture, taking into account customary rights and historical occupation of land. New agronomical managements adapted for industrial plantations and for smallholdings, associated with improved planting material give part of the solution. (Texte intégral)

Mots-clés libres : Oil palm, Africa

Classification Agris : F01 - Culture des plantes
E21 - Agro-industrie
E16 - Économie de la production
E80 - Économie familiale et artisanale
E14 - Économie et politique du développement

Auteurs et affiliations

• Lacan Xavier, PalmElit (FRA)
• Rafflegeau Sylvain, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de pérennes (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-5267-1189
• Feintrenie Laurène, CIRAD-ES-UPR BSef (CMR) ORCID: 0000-0003-1621-396X

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/577724/)

Métriques

[ Page générée et mise en cache le 2024-11-25 ]