Genetics and Genomics of tree architecture

Costes Evelyne, Gion Jean-Marc. 2015. Genetics and Genomics of tree architecture. In : Land plants - Trees. Adam-Blondon Anne-Françoise (ed.), Plomion Chritophe (ed.). Londres : Academic Press, 157-200. (Advances in Botanical Research, 74) ISBN 978-0-12-398548-4

Résumé : Even though the repetitive and decentralized nature of plant organogenesis confers a large plasticity to plants, their architecture is highly organized throughout ontogeny and at different scales. Growth, branching and flowering constitute the main processes leading to plant architectures and are key determinants of plant productivity, whatever the target product (biomass, flowers, seeds or fruits). Their genetic and genomic study is thus of great interest for breeding purpose. However, progresses have been limited by many constraints resulting from the large size and long-live of trees and therefore the difficult to assess phenotypes on large numbers of individuals for exploring both the genetic effect or genetic by environment interaction. Despite these limitations, significant advances have been recently obtained in quantitative genetics studies performed on architectural traits in forest and fruit trees, and on the physiological and molecular comprehension of mechanisms underlying plant architectural edification. Moreover, tools and methods for describing plant architectures and for exploring genetic and molecular controls have been improved, leading to new perspectives in terms of high-throughput genotyping, phenotyping and genomic studies. In this chapter, we review the genetic, physiological and molecular analyses that have been performed in the last years on tree architecture, with a particular focus on advances realized on tree crops.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : arbre forestier, production forestière, morphologie végétale, paramètre génétique, génétique quantitative, morphogénèse, croissance, floraison, fructification, phénologie, floraison induite, port de la plante, ramification, dormance des semences, biologie moléculaire, sélection, modèle de croissance forestière, modèle mathématique

Mots-clés complémentaires : Architecture des arbres, Architecture végétale

Classification Agris : K10 - Production forestière
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes
F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement
U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

Auteurs et affiliations

• Costes Evelyne, INRA (FRA)
• Gion Jean-Marc, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/578205/)

Métriques

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