Potential parasite transmission in multi-host networks based on parasite sharing

Pilosof Shai, Morand Serge, Krasnov Boris R., Nunn Charles L.. 2015. Potential parasite transmission in multi-host networks based on parasite sharing. PloS One, 10 (3):e0117909, 19 p.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie; Staps

Résumé : Epidemiological networks are commonly used to explore dynamics of parasite transmission among individuals in a population of a given host species. However, many parasites infect multiple host species, and thus multi-host networks may offer a better framework for investigating parasite dynamics. We investigated the factors that influence parasite sharing – and thus potential transmission pathways – among rodent hosts in Southeast Asia. We focused on differences between networks of a single host species and networks that involve multiple host species. In host-parasite networks, modularity (the extent to which the network is divided into subgroups of rodents that interact with similar parasites) was higher in the multi-species than in the single-species networks. This suggests that phylogeny affects patterns of parasite sharing, which was confirmed in analyses showing that it predicted affiliation of individuals to modules. We then constructed “potential transmission networks” based on the host-parasite networks, in which edges depict the similarity between a pair of individuals in the parasites they share. The centrality of individuals in these networks differed between multi- and single-species networks, with species identity and individual characteristics influencing their position in the networks. Simulations further revealed that parasite dynamics differed between multi- and single-species networks. We conclude that multi-host networks based on parasite sharing can provide new insights into the potential for transmission among hosts in an ecological community. In addition, the factors that determine the nature of parasite sharing (i.e. structure of the host-parasite network) may impact transmission patterns.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : relation hôte pathogène, interactions biologiques, rongeur, Rodentia, parasitisme, épidémiologie, maladie infectieuse, parasitose, écologie, transmission des maladies

Mots-clés libres : Host-pathogen interactions, Parasitic diseases, Centrality, Rodents, Parasitism, Infectious disease epidemiology, Network analysis, Disease ecology

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Pilosof Shai, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (ISR)
• Morand Serge, CIRAD-ES-UPR AGIRs (LAO) ORCID: 0000-0003-3986-7659
• Krasnov Boris R., Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (ISR)
• Nunn Charles L., Duke University (USA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/578473/)

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