Invasion of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta in West Africa: Spatial dynamics, ecological niche, and potential for biological control. [1283]

Sylla S., Diarra Karamoko, Desneux Nicolas, Brévault Thierry. 2016. Invasion of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta in West Africa: Spatial dynamics, ecological niche, and potential for biological control. [1283]. In : 25th International Congress of Entomology: Entomology without borders. Orlando : ESA, 1 p. International Congress of Entomology. 25, Orlando, États-Unis, 25 Septembre 2016/30 Septembre 2016.

Url - éditeur : https://www.ice2016orlando.org/scientific-program/xxv-ice-2016-official-program-book/

Matériel d'accompagnement : 1 diaporama (22 vues)

Résumé : Since its first detection in 2012 in Senegal Tuta absoluta has become a severe threat to the production of tomatoes in West Africa. Objectives of this study were to (i) map the current spatial distribution of the pest in Senegal, (ii) obtain information on population dynamics and damage in the main tomato-producing areas, and (iii) identify alternative host plants and indigenous natural enemies. A trapping network and field survey were implemented from 2013 to 2015 to monitor T. absoluta incidence at a regional and nationwide scale. In 2014, pheromone traps did not detect the presence of T. absoluta moths in eastern Senegal. In 2015, moths were detected in all fifteen monitored areas throughout the country. Abundance of trapped moths was greatest in coastal Senegal, including the main tomato-producing area (Niayes). Unexpectedly, T. absoluta moths were trapped in some areas with few or no tomato crops, including off-season (Vallée du fleuve), hot drylands (Matam and Kidira) and urban environments (Dakar). T. absoluta was also detected in eggplant, Ethiopian eggplant, potato and sweet pepper fields, but not in pepper fields. Laboratory tests showed a positive correlation between larval performance on these host plants and female oviposition preference. Very low larval parasitism (0.4%) was observed whereas predators such as Nesidiocoris tenuis and Orius sp. might be good candidates for biocontrol. Results on the bio-ecology of this invasive pest will be helpful to decision-makers with a view to developing appropriate surveillance and sustainable management strategies.

Mots-clés libres : Biological invasion, Senegal, Natural enemies, Trapping network, Host preference, Larval performance, Landscape, Crop management

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Sylla S., UCAD (SEN)
• Diarra Karamoko, UCAD (SEN)
• Desneux Nicolas, INRA (FRA)
• Brévault Thierry, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR AIDA (SEN) ORCID: 0000-0003-0159-3509

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/581864/)

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