Causes and consequences of arthropod diversity in a tropical agroecosystem: implications for conservation biological control

Jacquot Maxime, Tixier Philippe, Massol François, Flores Olivier, Deguine Jean-Philippe. 2016. Causes and consequences of arthropod diversity in a tropical agroecosystem: implications for conservation biological control. In : Sfécologie 2016. Marseille : Sfé, Résumé, 1 p. International Conference on Ecological Sciences, Marseille, France, 24 Octobre 2016/28 Octobre 2016.

Autre titre : Arthropod diversity in a tropical agroecosystem: causes and implications for conservation biological control

Matériel d'accompagnement : 1 diaporama (3 vues)

Résumé : Biological control of herbivorous pests by natural enemy diversity is a critical service to ensure sustainable crop production. In order to use this service in an agroecosystem, we need to address two main objectives. The first objective is to characterize the effect of natural enemy diversity on biological control. Meta-analyses show that the diversity of natural enemies has generally a positive effect on suppression of arthropods herbivores. However, the impact of invasive natural enemies on this effect remains under-explored. Our study system, mango orchards on Reunion Island, was dominated by invasive omnivorous ants. Results showed that the predation rate of sentinel eggs increased with predator diversity and decreased with omnivore diversity. This negative relationship between the predation rate and omnivore diversity appeared to be caused by the most dominant invasive ant, Pheidole megacephala, through a reduction in the diversity of their own trophic group and predation of sentinel eggs. The second objective is to identify drivers of trophic group diversity. Multiple factors, from the community to the landscape scale, are known to influence trophic group diversity, thus requiring a multi-scale approach. Using structural equation modelling, we examined how plant diversity, insecticide spraying and landscape complexity influence multitrophic interactions in arthropod communities in mango orchards. Results showed complex interactions between trophic groups, and effects of landscape, plant diversity and/or insecticide spraying on some trophic groups. Following the presentation of the main findings, we discuss implications for conservation biological control. (Texte intégral)

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
L20 - Écologie animale

Auteurs et affiliations

• Jacquot Maxime, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Tixier Philippe, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de culture bananes et ananas (CRI) ORCID: 0000-0001-5147-9777
• Massol François, CNRS (FRA)
• Flores Olivier, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Deguine Jean-Philippe, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/582757/)

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