Climatic niche of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam (Burseraceae), a semi-domesticated fruit tree native to Central Africa

Todou Gilbert, Coppens D'Eeckenbrugge Geo, Joly Hélène, Akoa Amougou, Onana Jean-Michel, Achoundong Gaston. 2013. Climatic niche of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam (Burseraceae), a semi-domesticated fruit tree native to Central Africa. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, 5 (9) : 231-240.

Résumé : Dacryodes edulis is a fruit tree growing naturally in the rainforests of Central Africa. To provide data to scientists and forest managers for the habitat of D. edulis in the wild, the study of ecological niche and environmental adaptation was carried out. The geographical coordinates of 168 collections of wild individuals and 19 climatic parameters were treatedunder Geographical Information System. Potential spatial richness, favourable climatic parameters and elevation of the species were described. The favourable climatic conditionsfor natural growth of D. edulis were mainly revealed in the forests of Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. In Cameroon, these conditions were well marked in the regions of Kribi and Bipindi(South), in the forest of Yingui and Yabassi (Littoral), in the Dja Forest (East) and South-West towards the border with Nigeria. The mean of favourable annual precipitation is 2205.26 ± 505.5 mm per year. The optimal annual mean temperatures stretch from 23.5 to 25.5°C. The favourable elevations stretch from 0 to 800 m. These values are smaller than ones for domesticated individuals which represent fundamental climatic niche. Prospect inforest areas with the best favourable climatic conditions and elevation for natural growth ofD. edulis should be encouraged to ensure in situ conservation of wild populations for maintaining genetic diversity.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Dacryodes edulis, distribution géographique, forêt, forêt tropicale humide, adaptation, adaptation aux changements climatiques, biodiversité, variation génétique, facteur climatique, température, pluviométrie, domestication des plantes, croissance

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Cameroun, Gabon, Guinée Équatoriale, Nigéria, Afrique centrale

Classification Agris : K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales
F40 - Écologie végétale
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale
F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement
P40 - Météorologie et climatologie

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 6 (2005-2013) - Agriculture, environnement, nature et sociétés

Auteurs et affiliations

• Todou Gilbert, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CEFE (FRA)
• Coppens D'Eeckenbrugge Geo, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CEFE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-1970-0627
• Joly Hélène, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CEFE (FRA)
• Akoa Amougou, Université de Yaoundé (CMR)
• Onana Jean-Michel, Herbier national du Cameroun (CMR)
• Achoundong Gaston, Herbier national (CMR)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/582941/)

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