Quantifying nitrogen losses in oil palm plantations: Models and challenges

Pardon Lénaïc, Bessou Cécile, Saint-Geours Nathalie, Gabrielle Benoît, Khasanah Ni'matul, Caliman Jean-Pierre, Nelson Paul N.. 2016. Quantifying nitrogen losses in oil palm plantations: Models and challenges. Biogeosciences, 13 : 5433-5452.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : ECOLOGY

Résumé : Oil palm is the most rapidly expanding tropical perennial crop. Its cultivation raises environmental concerns, notably related to the use of nitrogen (N) fertilisers and the associated pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. While numerous and diverse models exist to estimate N losses from agriculture, very few are currently available for tropical perennial crops. Moreover, there is a lack of critical analysis of their performance in the specific context of tropical perennial cropping systems. We assessed the capacity of 11 models and 29 sub-models to estimate N losses in a typical oil palm plantation over a 25-year growth cycle, through leaching and runoff, and emissions of NH3, N2, N2O, and NOx. Estimates of total N losses were very variable, ranging from 21 to 139 kg N ha−1 yr−1. On average, 31 % of the losses occurred during the first 3 years of the cycle. Nitrate leaching accounted for about 80 % of the losses. A comprehensive Morris sensitivity analysis showed the most influential variables to be soil clay content, rooting depth, and oil palm N uptake. We also compared model estimates with published field measurements. Many challenges remain in modelling processes related to the peculiarities of perennial tropical crop systems such as oil palm more accurately.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Elaeis guineensis, plantation forestière, fertilisation, cycle de l'azote, pollution par l'agriculture, émission atmosphérique, gaz à effet de serre, engrais azoté, impact sur l'environnement, croissance, enracinement, fertilité du sol, nutrition des plantes

Classification Agris : F01 - Culture des plantes
F04 - Fertilisation
P02 - Pollution
U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques
P33 - Chimie et physique du sol

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

Auteurs et affiliations

• Pardon Lénaïc, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de pérennes (FRA)
• Bessou Cécile, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Systèmes de pérennes (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-6686-8468
• Saint-Geours Nathalie, ITK (FRA)
• Gabrielle Benoît, INRA (FRA)
• Khasanah Ni'matul, ICRAF (IDN)
• Caliman Jean-Pierre, SMART Research Institute (IDN)
• Nelson Paul N., James Cook University (AUS)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/583120/)

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