Risk factors for MERS coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Morocco, 2015

Miguel Eve, Chevalier Véronique, Ayelet Gelagay, Ben Bencheikh M.N., Boussini H., Chu Daniel K.W., El Berbri I., Fassi Fihri Ouafaa, Faye Bernard, Fekadu G., Grosbois Vladimir, Ng B.C., Perera Ranawaka A.P.M., So T., Traoré Amadou, Roger François, Peiris Malik. 2017. Risk factors for MERS coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Morocco, 2015. Eurosurveillance, 22 (13):30498, 10 p.

https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.13.30498

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Résumé : Understanding Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission in dromedary camels is important, as they consitute a source of zoonotic infection to humans. To identify risk factors for MERS-CoV infection in camels bred in diverse conditions in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and Morocco, blood samples and nasal swabs were sampled in February–March 2015. A relatively high MERS-CoV RNA rate was detected in Ethiopia (up to 15.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 8.2–28.0), followed by Burkina Faso (up to 12.2%; 95% CI: 7–20.4) and Morocco (up to 7.6%; 95% CI: 1.9–26.1). The RNA detection rate was higher in camels bred for milk or meat than in camels for transport (p = 0.01) as well as in younger camels (p = 0.06). High seropositivity rates (up to 100%; 95% CI: 100–100 and 99.4%; 95% CI: 95.4–99.9) were found in Morocco and Ethiopia, followed by Burkina Faso (up to 84.6%; 95% CI: 77.2–89.9). Seropositivity rates were higher in large/medium herds (≥51 camels) than small herds (p = 0.061), in camels raised for meat or milk than for transport (p = 0.01), and in nomadic or sedentary herds than in herds with a mix of these lifestyles (p < 0.005).

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Orthocoronavirinae, surveillance épidémiologique, facteur de risque, dromadaire, virologie, sérologie, technique immunologique, Enquête pathologique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso, Éthiopie, Maroc

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
U30 - Méthodes de recherche

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

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