The epidemiology and geographic distribution of relapsing fever borreliosis in West and North Africa, with a review of the Ornithodoros erraticus complex (Acari: Ixodida)

Trape Jean-François, Diatta Georges, Arnathau Céline, Bitam Idir, Sarih M'hammed, Belghyti Driss, Bouattour Ali, Elguero Eric, Vial Laurence, Mané Youssouph, Baldé Cellou, Prugnolle Franck, Chauvancy Gilles, Mahé Gil, Granjon Laurent, Duplantier Jean Marc, Durand Patrick, Renaud Franck. 2013. The epidemiology and geographic distribution of relapsing fever borreliosis in West and North Africa, with a review of the Ornithodoros erraticus complex (Acari: Ixodida). PloS One, 8 (11):e78473, 19 p.

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie; Staps

Note générale : Corrigendum paru dans PloS One (2014)9:n°1 http://doi.org/10.1371/annotation/20b57909-df52-4073-a93f-a6689f84389d

Résumé : Background: Relapsing fever is the most frequent bacterial disease in Africa. Four main vector / pathogen complexes are classically recognized, with the louse Pediculus humanus acting as vector for B. recurrentis and the soft ticks Ornithodoros sonrai, O. erraticus and O. moubata acting as vectors for Borrelia crocidurae, B. hispanica and B. duttonii, respectively. Our aim was to investigate the epidemiology of the disease in West, North and Central Africa. Methods And Findings: From 2002 to 2012, we conducted field surveys in 17 African countries and in Spain. We investigated the occurrence of Ornithodoros ticks in rodent burrows in 282 study sites. We collected 1,629 small mammals that may act as reservoir for Borrelia infections. Using molecular methods we studied genetic diversity among Ornithodoros ticks and Borrelia infections in ticks and small mammals. Of 9,870 burrows investigated, 1,196 (12.1%) were inhabited by Ornithodoros ticks. In West Africa, the southern and eastern limits of the vectors and Borrelia infections in ticks and small mammals were 13°N and 01°E, respectively. Molecular studies revealed the occurrence of nine different Ornithodoros species, including five species new for science, with six of them harboring Borrelia infections. Only B. crocidurae was found in West Africa and three Borrelia species were identified in North Africa: B. crocidurae, B. hispanica, and B. merionesi. Conclusions: Borrelia Spirochetes responsible for relapsing fever in humans are highly prevalent both in Ornithodoros ticks and small mammals in North and West Africa but Ornithodoros ticks seem absent south of 13°N and small mammals are not infected in these regions. The number of Ornithodoros species acting as vector of relapsing fever is much higher than previously known.

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique occidentale, Afrique du Nord

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2005-2013) - Santé animale et maladies émergentes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Trape Jean-François, IRD (SEN)
• Diatta Georges, IRD (SEN)
• Arnathau Céline, CNRS (FRA)
• Bitam Idir, Institut Pasteur d'Algérie (DZA)
• Sarih M'hammed, Institut Pasteur du Maroc (MAR)
• Belghyti Driss, Université Ibn Tofail (MAR)
• Bouattour Ali, Institut Pasteur de Tunis (TUN)
• Elguero Eric, IRD (FRA)
• Vial Laurence, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CMAEE (FRA)
• Mané Youssouph, IRD (SEN)
• Baldé Cellou, Institut Pasteur de Guinée (GIN)
• Prugnolle Franck, IRD (FRA)
• Chauvancy Gilles, IRD (SEN)
• Mahé Gil, IRD (FRA)
• Granjon Laurent, IRD (SEN)
• Duplantier Jean Marc, IRD (FRA)
• Durand Patrick, IRD (FRA)
• Renaud Franck, IRD (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/584793/)

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