Indirect somatic embryogenesis of date palm using juvenile leaf explants and low 2,4-D concentration

Fki Lotfi, Kriaa Walid, Nasri Ameni, Baklouti Emna, Chkir O., Masmoudi R., Rival Alain, Drira Noureddine. 2017. Indirect somatic embryogenesis of date palm using juvenile leaf explants and low 2,4-D concentration. In : Date palm biotechnology protocols. Volume 1: Tissue culture applications. Al-Khayri Jameel M. (ed.), Jain Shri Mohan (ed.), Johnson Dennis V. (ed.). New York : Humana Press, 99-106. (Methods in Molecular Biology, 1637) ISBN 978-1-4939-7155-8

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7156-5_9

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Résumé : This chapter describes an efficient protocol for large-scale micropropagation of date palm. Somatic embryo-derived plants are regenerated from highly proliferating suspension cultures. Friable embryogenic callus is initiated from juvenile leaves using slightly modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Suspension cultures consisting of proembryonic masses are established from highly competent callus for somatic embryogenesis using half-strength MS medium enriched with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and 300 mg/L activated charcoal. The productivity of cultures increased 20-fold when embryogenic cell suspensions were used instead of standard protocols on solidified media. The overall production of somatic embryos mostly exceeds 10,000 units per liter per month. Partial desiccation of mature somatic embryos, corresponding to a decrease in water content from 90 down to 75%, significantly improved germination rates.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Elaeis guineensis, multiplication végétative, embryon somatique, Embryogénèse somatique, culture in vitro, culture de cellules en suspension, adaptation, germination

Mots-clés libres : Acclimatization, Callus, Cell suspension, Somatic embryos, In vitro plants

Classification Agris : F02 - Multiplication végétative des plantes
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

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